145.二叉树的后序遍历

1 题目：

        145. 二叉树的后序遍历 - 力扣（LeetCode）

2 参考：

        代码随想录 (programmercarl.com) 

3 代码：

C++

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    void tran(TreeNode* cur, vector<int>& vec){
        if(cur == NULL) return;
        tran(cur->left, vec);
        tran(cur->right, vec);
        vec.push_back(cur->val);
    }
    vector<int> postorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> res;
        tran(root, res);
        return res;
    }
};

/* 迭代遍历 */ 
class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> postorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        stack<TreeNode*> st;
        vector<int> result;
        if (root == NULL) return result;
        st.push(root);
        while (!st.empty()) {
            TreeNode* node = st.top();
            st.pop();
            result.push_back(node->val);
            if (node->left) st.push(node->left); // 相对于前序遍历，这更改一下入栈顺序 （空节点不入栈）
            if (node->right) st.push(node->right); // 空节点不入栈
        }
        reverse(result.begin(), result.end()); // 将结果反转之后就是左右中的顺序了
        return result;
    }
};

Python3:

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
#         self.val = val
#         self.left = left
#         self.right = right
class Solution:
    def postorderTraversal(self, root: Optional[TreeNode]) -> List[int]:
        if root == None: return []
        l = self.postorderTraversal(root.left)
        r = self.postorderTraversal(root.right)
        return l + r + [root.val]

# 迭代遍历 
# 后序遍历-迭代-LC145_二叉树的后序遍历
class Solution:
   def postorderTraversal(self, root: TreeNode) -> List[int]:
       if not root:
           return []
       stack = [root]
       result = []
       while stack:
           node = stack.pop()
           # 中结点先处理
           result.append(node.val)
           # 左孩子先入栈
           if node.left:
               stack.append(node.left)
           # 右孩子后入栈
           if node.right:
               stack.append(node.right)
       # 将最终的数组翻转
       return result[::-1]