Linux下的网络配置

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-20 00:15:03 发布
最新推荐文章于 2022-04-20 00:15:03 发布
阅读量795 收藏 5
点赞数
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44822212/article/details/89054921
版权

一.主机IP的查看
1.ifconfig查看主机ip

[kiosk@foundation4 ~]$ ifconfig 
br0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.25.4.250  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.25.4.255
        inet6 fe80::bcac:c4ff:feb5:ef01  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether b8:2a:72:ba:72:06  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 10  bytes 1402 (1.3 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 21  bytes 1756 (1.7 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 21  bytes 1756 (1.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

p1p1: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether b8:2a:72:ba:72:06  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

privbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.25.250.250  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.25.250.255
        ether 52:54:00:1a:a2:6c  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:40:d5:8e  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr1: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether 52:54:00:14:de:92  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0-nic: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether 52:54:00:40:d5:8e  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

wlp6s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.102  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        inet6 fe80::143f:4446:54c2:7637  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 9c:ad:97:15:8e:37  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 5352  bytes 4263231 (4.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 4194  bytes 700944 (684.5 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[kiosk@foundation4 ~]$ file:///usr/share/doc/HTML/en-US/index.htmlfile:///usr/share/doc/HTML/en-US/index.html

2.ip addr show查看主机ip

[kiosk@foundation4 ~]$ ip addr show 
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: p1p1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether b8:2a:72:ba:72:06 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: wlp6s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 9c:ad:97:15:8e:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.102/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic wlp6s0
       valid_lft 6512sec preferred_lft 6512sec
    inet6 fe80::143f:4446:54c2:7637/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: br0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether b8:2a:72:ba:72:06 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.25.4.250/24 brd 172.25.4.255 scope global br0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 172.25.254.4/24 brd 172.25.254.255 scope global br0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::bcac:c4ff:feb5:ef01/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: privbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:1a:a2:6c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.25.250.250/24 brd 172.25.250.255 scope global privbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
6: privbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master privbr0 state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:1a:a2:6c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
7: virbr1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:14:de:92 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: virbr1-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr1 state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:14:de:92 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
9: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:40:d5:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
10: virbr0-nic: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:40:d5:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[kiosk@foundation4 ~]$

二.主机IP的设定
1.临时ip的设定
（1）ip设定

[root@localhost Desktop]# ifconfig eth0 172.25.254.108
[root@localhost Desktop]# ping 172.25.254.108
PING 172.25.254.108 (172.25.254.108) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.25.254.108: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.036 ms
64 bytes from 172.25.254.108: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.034 ms
64 bytes from 172.25.254.108: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.033 ms
^C
--- 172.25.254.108 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.033/0.034/0.036/0.005 ms

（2）主机ip的删除

[root@localhost Desktop]# ip addr del dev eth0 172.25.254.108/16
[root@localhost Desktop]# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:00:04:0a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe00:40a/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

（3）添加主机ip

[root@localhost Desktop]# ip addr add dev eth0 172.25.254.108/16
[root@localhost Desktop]# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:00:04:0a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.25.254.108/16 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe00:40a/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2.有图形界面设置主机ip
3.无图形界面设置主机ip
命令：nnmtui
(1)设置界面Edit a connection
在这里插入图片描述
(2)添加ip
在这里插入图片描述
（3）在这里插入图片描述（4）添加名称及ip
在这里插入图片描述
(5)退出Quit
在这里插入图片描述

设置完成重启网络

[root@localhost Desktop]# systemctl restart network[root@localhost Desktop]# ifconfigeth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.25.254.204  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.25.254.255
        inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe00:40a  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 52:54:00:00:04:0a  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1427  bytes 63256 (61.7 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 807  bytes 47145 (46.0 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 458  bytes 41100 (40.1 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 458  bytes 41100 (40.1 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

4.静态网络的配置
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
设置静态网络
在这里插入图片描述

[root@localhost Desktop]# systemctl restart network
[root@localhost Desktop]# ip addr show eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:00:04:0a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.25.254.204/24 brd 172.25.254.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe00:40a/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreve

5.动态网络的配置
在这里插入图片描述
三.不同网段的ip通过网关进行访问
1.2台虚拟机不同网段ip进行访问
（1）单网卡设置网关并实验

[root@localhost Desktop]# ping 172.25.254.104
connect: Network is unreachable
[root@localhost Desktop]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
[root@localhost Desktop]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
[root@localhost Desktop]# systemctl restart network
[root@localhost Desktop]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         1.1.1.205       0.0.0.0         UG    1024   0        0 eth0
1.1.1.0         0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
[root@localhost Desktop]# ping 172.25.254.205
PING 172.25.254.205 (172.25.254.205) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.25.254.205: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.499 ms
64 bytes from 172.25.254.205: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.328 ms
^C
--- 172.25.254.205 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.328/0.413/0.499/0.087 ms

（2）双网卡设置路由
a.查看网卡及设置ip
在这里插入图片描述
b.开启防火墙

[root@lyq Desktop]# systemctl start firewalld.service    ##开启防火墙服务 
[root@lyq Desktop]# firewall-cmd --list-all    ##查看服务信息
public (default, active)
  interfaces: eth0 eth1
  sources: 
  services: dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports: 
  masquerade: no      ##功能未开启
  forward-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules: 
	
[root@lyq Desktop]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-masquerade  ##开启伪装功能
success
[root@lyq Desktop]# systemctl restart firewalld.service ## 重启防火墙服务
[root@lyq Desktop]# firewall-cmd --list-all
public (default, active)
  interfaces: eth0 eth1
  sources: 
  services: dhcpv6-client ssh
  ports: 
  masquerade:yes    ##伪装功能成功开启
  forward-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules:

c.开启系统路由功能

[root@lyq Desktop]# sysctl -a |grep ip_forward  ##从所有系统参数中筛选ip_forward 参数
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0                         ##该值为0，表示系统路由功能未开启
[root@lyq Desktop]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf        ##修改系统文件 写入 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@lyq Desktop]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf        ## 查看该文件内容
# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.
# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/<name>.conf file
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@lyq Desktop]# sysctl -p   ##从指定的文件加载系统参数，如不指定从/etc/sysctl.conf中加载
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1         ##系统路由功能开启

四.命令方式设定网络
nmcli ##NetworkManager必须开启
nmcli device connect eth0 ##启用eth0网卡
device disconnect eth0 ##关闭eth0网卡
device show eth0 ##查看网关信息
device status eth0 ##查看网卡服务接口的信息
connection show ##显示连接网卡
connection down westos ##断开连接
(1) nmcli device disconnect eth0 ##关闭eth0网卡

[root@localhost Desktop]# nmcli device disconnect eth0
[root@localhost Desktop]# ifconfig 
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
       ether 52:54:00:d3:e2:6b  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
       RX packets 89190  bytes 5925145 (5.6 MiB)
       RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
       TX packets 3962  bytes 255295 (249.3 KiB)
       TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
       ether 52:54:00:cc:31:7a  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
       RX packets 89293  bytes 5810795 (5.5 MiB)
       RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
       TX packets 383  bytes 31855 (31.1 KiB)
       TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
       inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
       inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
       loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
       RX packets 2522  bytes 222550 (217.3 KiB)
       RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
       TX packets 2522  bytes 222550 (217.3 KiB)
       TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

（2）nmcli device connect eth0 ##启用eth0网卡

[root@localhost Desktop]# nmcli device connect eth0  ##启用eth0网卡
Device 'eth0' successfully activated with 'f53e5391-4a38-4472-aab3-266dafe35dbd'.
[root@localhost Desktop]# ifconfig   ##查看ip
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.25.254.96  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.25.254.255
        inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fed3:e26b  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 52:54:00:d3:e2:6b  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 89580  bytes 5951842 (5.6 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 4020  bytes 261971 (255.8 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether 52:54:00:cc:31:7a  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 89708  bytes 5840804 (5.5 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 383  bytes 31855 (31.1 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 2535  bytes 223834 (218.5 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 2535  bytes 223834 (218.5 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

（3）nmcli device show ##查看网卡信息

[root@localhost Desktop]# nmcli device show  ##查看网卡信息
GENERAL.DEVICE:                         eth0
GENERAL.TYPE:                           ethernet
GENERAL.HWADDR:                         52:54:00:D3:E2:6B
GENERAL.MTU:                            1500
GENERAL.STATE:                          100 (connected)
GENERAL.CONNECTION:                     hahaha
GENERAL.CON-PATH:                       /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/14
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER:               on
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:                         ip = 172.25.254.96/24, gw = 172.25.254.250
IP4.ADDRESS[2]:                         ip = 172.25.254.205/32, gw = 172.25.254.250
IP4.ROUTE[1]:                           dst = 172.25.0.250/32, nh = 172.25.254.250, mt = 0
IP4.DNS[1]:                             172.25.254.250
IP4.DOMAIN[1]:                          example.com
IP6.ADDRESS[1]:                         ip = fe80::5054:ff:fed3:e26b/64, gw = ::

GENERAL.DEVICE:                         eth1
GENERAL.TYPE:                           ethernet
GENERAL.HWADDR:                         52:54:00:CC:31:7A
GENERAL.MTU:                            1500
GENERAL.STATE:                          30 (disconnected)
GENERAL.CONNECTION:                     --
GENERAL.CON-PATH:                       --
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER:               on

GENERAL.DEVICE:                         lo
GENERAL.TYPE:                           loopback
GENERAL.HWADDR:                         00:00:00:00:00:00
GENERAL.MTU:                            65536
GENERAL.STATE:                          10 (unmanaged)
GENERAL.CONNECTION:                     --
GENERAL.CON-PATH:                       --
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:                         ip = 127.0.0.1/8, gw = 0.0.0.0
IP6.ADDRESS[1]:                         ip = ::1/128, gw = ::

（4） nmcli device status ##查看网卡服务接口信息

[root@localhost Desktop]# nmcli device status ##查看网卡服务接口信息
DEVICE  TYPE      STATE         CONNECTION 
eth0    ethernet  connected     hahaha     
eth1    ethernet  disconnected  --

五.DNS域名的解析
1.概念
dns是一台服务器，可以提供回答客户主机和ip对应关系的功能
2.dns的设定 （以www.baidu.com为例）
（1）将真机作为路由器，使得虚拟机可以通过真机连接网络。

[root@client Desktop]# ping 183.232.231.174
PING 183.232.231.174 (183.232.231.174) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174: icmp_seq=1 ttl=55 time=42.0 ms
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174: icmp_seq=2 ttl=55 time=42.3 ms
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174: icmp_seq=3 ttl=55 time=41.0 ms
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174: icmp_seq=4 ttl=55 time=41.1 ms
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174: icmp_seq=5 ttl=55 time=40.8 ms
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174: icmp_seq=6 ttl=55 time=41.6 ms
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174: icmp_seq=7 ttl=55 time=40.8 ms
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174: icmp_seq=8 ttl=55 time=41.1 ms
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174: icmp_seq=9 ttl=55 time=41.9 ms
^C
--- 183.232.231.174 ping statistics ---
9 packets transmitted, 9 received, 0% packet loss, time 8009ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 40.853/41.455/42.386/0.581 ms

（2)本地解析文件 /etc/hosts. 提供域名ip地址解析

[root@client Desktop]# ping www.baidu.com #通过域名进行里连接
ping: unknown host www.baidu.com          ##无法连接
[root@client Desktop]# vim /etc/hosts
[root@client Desktop]# cat  /etc/hosts     ##本地解析文件
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

172.25.254.254 classroom.example.com
172.25.254.254 content.example.com
172.25.231.208  
183.232.231.174 www.baidu.com             ##添加www.baidu.com 的域名解析
[root@client Desktop]# ping www.baidu.com  ##使用域名成功连接
PING www.baidu.com (183.232.231.174) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (183.232.231.174): icmp_seq=1 ttl=55 time=91.3 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (183.232.231.174): icmp_seq=2 ttl=55 time=67.3 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (183.232.231.174): icmp_seq=3 ttl=55 time=42.7 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (183.232.231.174): icmp_seq=4 ttl=55 time=41.6 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (183.232.231.174): icmp_seq=5 ttl=55 time=42.3 ms
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (183.232.231.174): icmp_seq=6 ttl=55 time=42.1 ms
^C
--- www.baidu.com ping statistics ---
6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 5007ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 41.683/54.612/91.382/18.821 ms

（3）使用DNS服务器进行域名解析。/etc/resolv.conf 存放dns服务器的地址

[root@client Desktop]# vim /etc/resolv.conf    ##编辑文件，添加dns服务器的地址
[root@client Desktop]# cat  /etc/resolv.conf 
 # Generated by NetworkManager
domain ilt.example.com
search ilt.example.com example.com localdomain.localdomain
nameserver 114.114.114.114                ##新添加的dns服务器地址
[root@client Desktop]# ping baidu.com     ##使用域名进行网站通讯
PING baidu.com (220.181.57.216) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 220.181.57.216: icmp_seq=1 ttl=50 time=32.0 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.57.216: icmp_seq=2 ttl=50 time=30.7 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.57.216: icmp_seq=3 ttl=50 time=31.5 ms
^C
--- baidu.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 3 received, 25% packet loss, time 3004ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 30.757/31.456/32.077/0.560 ms
[root@client Desktop]# ping taobao.com    ##**加粗样式**使用域名进行网站通讯
PING taobao.com (140.205.94.189) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 140.205.94.189: icmp_seq=1 ttl=38 time=49.1 ms
64 bytes from 140.205.94.189: icmp_seq=2 ttl=38 time=45.9 ms
64 bytes from 140.205.94.189: icmp_seq=3 ttl=38 time=49.5 ms
^C
--- taobao.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 45.916/48.183/49.509/1.630 ms

3.设定解析的优先级

 [root@localhost Desktop]# vim /etc/hosts  ##添加百度的真实网址及链接
[root@localhost Desktop]# cat /etc/resolv.conf  ##查看是否有DNS服务器      
# Generated by NetworkManager  
search ilt.example.com

# No nameservers found; try putting DNS servers into your
# ifcfg files in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts like so:
#
# DNS1=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
# DNS2=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
# DOMAIN=lab.foo.com bar.foo.com
[root@localhost Desktop]# vim /etc/resolv.conf  ##添加DNS服务器
[root@localhost Desktop]# cat /etc/resolv.conf  
# Generated by NetworkManager
search ilt.example.com

nameserver 114.114.114.114     ##添加成功
# No nameservers found; try putting DNS servers into your
# ifcfg files in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts like so:
#
# DNS1=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
# DNS2=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
# DOMAIN=lab.foo.com bar.foo.com
[root@localhost Desktop]# vim /etc/hosts   ##重新设置百度网址及链接
[root@localhost Desktop]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.baidu.com (172.25.5.105) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (172.25.5.105): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.051 ms  ##以/etc/hosts为主
64 bytes from www.baidu.com (172.25.5.105): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.056 ms
^C
--- www.baidu.com ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.051/0.053/0.056/0.007 ms
[root@localhost Desktop]# vim /etc/nsswitch.conf   ##更改优先级  files 与 dns位置更换 在39行
[root@localhost Desktop]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (111.13.100.92) 56(84) bytes of data.       ##验证此时以dns中百度的ip优先
64 bytes from 111.13.100.92: icmp_seq=1 ttl=52 time=74.5 ms
64 bytes from 111.13.100.92: icmp_seq=2 ttl=52 time=121 ms
64 bytes from 111.13.100.92: icmp_seq=3 ttl=52 time=107 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2009ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 74.500/101.126/121.253/19.634 ms
weixin_44822212
关注
  • 0
    点赞
  • 踩
  • 5
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
ifconfig: RX packets 一直为 0
choumin的专栏
06-12 1280
mac 地址冲突导致系统收不到包
Linux 网络配置的多种方案|centos/红帽 Redhat Enerprise 9
最新发布
weixin_74848906的博客
05-11 2386
进行网络配置是为了确保Linux系统能够接入网络、提高网络通信的可靠性、安全性和性能，以便与其他设备或服务器进行通信，部署网络服务，以及实现远程管理等。
Linux嵌入式开发，WIFI使用相关命令（rtl8188eu）
寞水
01-23 1454
寞水
ubantu与CentOS虚拟机之间搭建GRE隧道
遇见你是我最美丽的意外
01-23 5982
Author : Email : vip_13031075266@163.com Date : 2020.01.23 Copyright: 未经同意不得转载！！！ Version ： openswan-2.6.51.5 Reference：https://download.openswan.org/openswan/ 目录 0. 前言 1. Linux内核支持的隧道类型 2. G...
Linux之TCPIP内核参数优化
weixin_30604651的博客
04-17 752
　　本文以Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Desktop (x64)默认配置为例（机器的内存为4GB），推荐先阅读《TCP连接的状态与关闭方式，及其对Server与Client的影响》、《Windows系统下的TCP参数优化》，以了解TCP优化的相关知识。 /proc/sys/net目录 　　所有的TCP/IP参数都位于/proc/sys/net目录下（请注意，对/proc/sys/ne...
Linux虚拟机网络配置
10-10
Linux 虚拟机网络配置是指在 Linux 系统中设置和管理虚拟机的网络连接，以便虚拟机能够访问外部网络或与其他虚拟机进行通信。本文将详细介绍 Linux 虚拟机网络配置的步骤和相关知识点。 一、查看当前网络配置 在 ...
Linux下网络配置问答.pdf
09-06
以下是一些关于Linux网络配置的问题与解答： 1. **如何开启特定端口（例如22端口）？** 22端口是用于SSH（Secure Shell）服务的，默认情况下，Linux系统可能已经安装并运行了SSH服务。如果需要确认和开启该端口，...
linux下的网络配置
11-09
Linux 操作系统下的网络配置是 Linux 新手进入门槛的重要一步。作为一个多月前才开始接触 Linux 的菜鸟，本文作者曾经被网络配置折磨了不少时间，并且搜索到的相关方法五花八门，让人眼花缭乱。因此，本文旨在总结 ...
Linux基本网络配置方法介绍
09-15
在Linux系统中，网络配置是...总的来说，Linux网络配置涉及到多个层面，包括IP地址、子网掩码、网关、DNS等的设置，以及选择合适的网络管理方案。了解并熟练掌握这些基础配置，对于日常的系统管理和维护工作至关重要。
dpdk 问题分析：ice 100G 网卡 rx_packets 与 rx_bytes 统计问题
龙瑜的博客
09-02 1619
问题描述 1. ipackets 减掉 imissed 统计的问题 ice 100G 网卡获取的 ipackets 会减掉 imissed 的报文，此时统计的是软件实际从网卡收包的 pps，但收包的 bps 中没有减掉这部分报文长度且硬件不能提供这部分信息用于计算，为此屏蔽 ipackets 中减掉 imissed 报文的统计以修复 pps 显示问题。 2. ibytes 每个报文减掉 crc 长度导致显示带宽变少问题 ice 100G 网卡 ibytes 统计会为每个报文减掉 crc 长度，bps 变
LInux初学者 必学 三种配置网卡IP地址的方式（非常详细）
热门推荐
weixin_51916789的博客
04-20 4万+
LInux初学者 必学 三种配置网卡IP地址的方式（非常详细），花费了up主大量时间 总结出来的 不学你会后悔的。快来看看吧。到处都是知识盲区，有问题可以评论我。
1--linux操作系统远程连接
Vsiven
10-16 642
Day1 一、虚拟主机网络配置 第一个里程：执行命令进入配置界面 Nmtui 第二个里程：重启网络服务 Systemctl restart network 重启网卡 Systemctl status network 查看网卡状态 第三个里程：检查网卡地址信息 Ip address show eth0 Ip a s eth0（↑的简写） Ip a 二、远程连接主机方式 Xshel...
计算机网络实验-IP协议及TraceRT路由跟踪
LW20191231的博客
11-20 6571
通过跟踪所发送IP数据报经过的路由，分析Internet 的网络互连机制，了解IP协议的一些典型首部字段的意义和用途。
RX packets:5601217 errors:67720 …
dcwnb1的专栏
10-24 2378
现象：[root@fangshan ~]# ifconfig eht1 eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr E4:1F:13:42:24:C6            inet addr:192.168.0.224  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0           inet6 addr: fe80::e61
Linux之 网卡发包、接包 error 、droped 情况
u013043103的博客
01-14 3866
1、 查看各个网卡发送、接受包情况 oracle@hbdw2:/oratmp2$netstat -ni Kernel Interface table Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg Ibond0 1500 0 328233758 0 0 0 331426557 0 0 0 BMmRU ebond0 1500 0 926492731 0 0 0 1822546664 0 0 0 BMmRU ebon
kubernetes calico网络不通的排查思路
纵横四海的博客
03-11 1万+
网络不通通俗一点就是报文不可达 在这里就不多说了 举个例子 容器A访问不了容器B,也就是容器A ping 不通容器B 排查思路： 正向 1 容器A的内容是否发送到容器A所在的node上 2 容器A所在的节点node是否发送出去 3 容器B所在的节点node是否接收到容器A所在的节点node发送的报文 4 容器B所在的节点node是否把报文发送到容器B中 反向 1 容器B的内容...
linux上网络配置不生效现象处理,linux上网络配置不生效的奇异现象处理
weixin_32518317的博客
05-09 549
linux上网络配置不生效的怪异现象处理1、在Linux上，在ifcfg-eth0上设置IP地址等信息详细配置信息如下已[root@rac01 Desktop]#more/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0DEVICE=eth0BOOTPROTO=noneNM_CONTROLLED=yesONBOOT=noTYPE=EthernetUUID=3d5f1...
Linux 网络设置与基础服务
12-12
掌握虚拟机环境下连接网络方法。 掌握LINUX下网络的常用命令，如ping、traceroute、netstat、

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么？

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付：10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明：

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币，按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载，可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值