Python--字典生成式

1.假设有20个学生，学生的分数在60～100之间，筛选出成绩在90分以上的学生

import random
dict = {}
for i in range (1,21):
   name = 'redhat'+str(i)
   score = random.randint(60,100)
   dict[name]=score  ##将所有的学生及其分数放入字典中
print(dict)

（1）for语句

dict1 = {}
for name,score in dict.items():  ##k,v值在dict{}中进行全局比较
    if score>90:
        dict1[name]=score  ##当value值大于90，则对应的键值对放入新的字典中
print(dict1)

（2）字典生成式

print({name:score for name,score in dict.items() if score>90})

结果输出

{'redhat1': 72, 'redhat2': 94, 'redhat3': 77, 'redhat4': 63, 'redhat5': 79, 'redhat6': 83, 'redhat7': 61, 'redhat8': 79, 'redhat9': 97, 'redhat10': 69, 'redhat11': 85, 'redhat12': 84, 'redhat13': 84, 'redhat14': 90, 'redhat15': 84, 'redhat16': 73, 'redhat17': 97, 'redhat18': 82, 'redhat19': 60, 'redhat20': 81}
{'redhat2': 94, 'redhat9': 97, 'redhat17': 97}

2.将所有的key值都变成大写

d = {'student':22,'westos':18,'luck':24}
d1 = {k.upper():v for k,v in d.items()}
print(d1)

结果输出：

{'STUDENT': 22, 'WESTOS': 18, 'LUCK': 24}

3.大小写的key值合并，统一以小写输出
（1）for语句

dict=dict(a=1,b=2,c=3,A=10,B=9)
new_dict = {}
for k,v in dict.items():
    if k.lower() in new_dict:
        new_dict[k.lower()]+=v
    else:
        new_dict[k.lower()]=v
print(new_dict)

（2）字典生成式

print({k.lower():d.get(k.upper(),0)+d.get(k.lower(),0) for k in d})

结果输出

{'a': 11, 'b': 11, 'c': 3}