基于Java实现的AES算法

（1）利用现有开发工具实现AES的求解，并对常见信息求解密文；把原始信息存在文件a.txt中，密文存在b.txt中，解密信息存在c.txt中，比对明文和解密出的明文是否相同；

import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import javax.crypto.*;

public class AesTest {
	/**
	 * AES加密字符串 *
	 * 
	 * @param content
	 *            需要被加密的字符串
	 * @param password
	 *            加密需要的密码
	 * @return 密文
	 */
	// 如果是DES加密算法，则可以用如下两句
	/*
	 * public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "DES"; 
	 * public static final int keysize=56;
	 */
	
		
	public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "AES";
	public static final int keysize = 128;
	public static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";
	
	public static final String content = "This is the plaintext to encrypt.";
	public static final String password = "111";

	public static SecretKeySpec generateSecretKey(String password) {
		try {
			KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);// 创建AES的Key生产者

			// SecureRandom是生成安全随机数序列，password.getBytes()是种子，只要种子相同，序列就一样，所以解密只要有password就行
			SecureRandom secureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
			secureRandom.setSeed(password.getBytes());
			kgen.init(keysize, secureRandom);// 利用用户密码作为随机数初始化出, if没有将生成随机密钥
			SecretKey secretKey = kgen.generateKey();// 根据用户密码，生成一个密钥

			byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();// 返回基本编码格式的密钥，如果此密钥不支持编码，则返回
			SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, KEY_ALGORITHM);// 转换为AES专用密钥
			return key;
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	public static byte[] encrypt(String content, SecretKeySpec key) {
		try {
			// 格式化明文
			byte[] byteContent = content.getBytes();

			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);// 创建密码器
			cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);// 初始化为加密模式的密码器
			byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(byteContent);// 加密

			return result;

		} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 解密AES加密过的字符串
	 * 
	 * @param content
	 *            AES加密过的内容
	 * @param password
	 *            加密时的密码
	 * @return 明文
	 */
	public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] content, SecretKeySpec key) {
		try {

			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);// 创建密码器
			cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);// 初始化为解密模式的密码器

			byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(content);
			return result; // 明文

		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			// System.out.println("exceptions are==:" + e);
		}
		// catch(Exception e) {
		// System.out.println("exceptions are:"+e);
		// }
		return null;
	}

	public static String byte2hex(byte[] b) {
		String hs = "";
		String stmp = "";
		for (int n = 0; n < b.length; n++) {
			stmp = (java.lang.Integer.toHexString(b[n] & 0XFF));
			if (stmp.length() == 1)
				hs = hs + "0" + stmp;
			else
				hs = hs + stmp;
		}
		return hs.toUpperCase();
	}

	public static byte[] hex2byte(byte[] b) {
		if ((b.length % 2) != 0)
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("长度不是偶数");
		byte[] b2 = new byte[b.length / 2];
		for (int n = 0; n < b.length; n += 2) {
			String item = new String(b, n, 2);
			b2[n / 2] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(item, 16);
		}
		return b2;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("加密之前：" + content + "  plaintext length:" + content.length());

		// 生成密钥
		SecretKeySpec key = generateSecretKey(password);

		// 加密
		byte[] encrypt = AesTest.encrypt(content, key);
		System.out.println("加密后的内容：" + new String(encrypt) + "\nCipher length：" + encrypt.length);
		System.out.println("加密后的内容Hex：" + byte2hex(encrypt));// new String(encrypt));

		// 解密
		byte[] decrypt = AesTest.decrypt(encrypt, key);

		System.out.println("解密后的内容：" + new String(decrypt));
	}

}