java时间解析生成定时Cron表达式工具类

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已于 2023-10-26 09:06:02 修改

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分类专栏： Java 文章标签： 1024程序员节 java

于 2023-10-24 17:43:51 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44831330/article/details/134017640

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Cron表达式工具类CronUtil

构建Cron表达式

 /**
     *
     *方法摘要：构建Cron表达式
     *@param  taskScheduleModel
     *@return String
     */
    public static String createCronExpression(TaskScheduleModel taskScheduleModel){
        StringBuffer cronExp = new StringBuffer("");

        if(null == taskScheduleModel.getJobType()) {
            System.out.println("执行周期未配置" );//执行周期未配置
        }

        if (null != taskScheduleModel.getSecond()
                && null != taskScheduleModel.getMinute()
                && null != taskScheduleModel.getHour()) {
            //秒
            cronExp.append(taskScheduleModel.getSecond()).append(" ");
            //分
            cronExp.append(taskScheduleModel.getMinute()).append(" ");
            //小时
            cronExp.append(taskScheduleModel.getHour()).append(" ");
            //每天
            if(taskScheduleModel.getJobType().getValue() == 1){

                if(taskScheduleModel.getBeApart()!=null){
                    cronExp.append("1");//日
                    cronExp.append("/");
                    cronExp.append(taskScheduleModel.getBeApart()+1);//月
                    cronExp.append(" ");
                    cronExp.append("* ");
                    cronExp.append("? ");//周
                    cronExp.append("*");
                }else {
                    cronExp.append("* ");//日
                    cronExp.append("* ");//月
                    cronExp.append("?");//周
                }
            }
            //按每周
            else if(taskScheduleModel.getJobType().getValue() == 3){
                //一个月中第几天
                cronExp.append("? ");
                //月份
                cronExp.append("* ");
                //周
                Integer[] weeks = taskScheduleModel.getDayOfWeeks();
                for(int i = 0; i < weeks.length; i++){
                    if(i == 0){
                        cronExp.append(weeks[i]);
                    } else{
                        cronExp.append(",").append(weeks[i]);
                    }
                }

            }

            //按每月
            else if(taskScheduleModel.getJobType().getValue() == 2){
                //一个月中的哪几天
                Integer[] days = taskScheduleModel.getDayOfMonths();
                for(int i = 0; i < days.length; i++){
                    if(i == 0){
                        if(days[i]==32){
                            //本月最后一天
                            String endMouthCron="0 0 0 L * ?";
                            return endMouthCron;
                        }else {
                            cronExp.append(days[i]);
                        }
                    } else{
                        cronExp.append(",").append(days[i]);
                    }
                }
                //月份
                cronExp.append(" * ");
                //周
                cronExp.append("?");
            }
            //按每年
            else if(taskScheduleModel.getJobType().getValue()== 4){
                //一个年中的哪几天
                Integer[] days = taskScheduleModel.getDayOfMonths();
                if(ArrayUtil.isEmpty(days)){
                    cronExp.append("*");
                }else{
                    for(int i = 0; i < days.length; i++){
                        if(i == 0){
                            cronExp.append(days[i]);
                        } else{
                            cronExp.append(",").append(days[i]);
                        }
                    }
                }
                //月份
                Integer[] months = taskScheduleModel.getMonths();
                if (ArrayUtil.isEmpty(months)) {
                    cronExp.append(" *");
                }else{
                    for (int i = 0; i < months.length; i++){
                        Integer month = months[i];
                        if (month > 12){
                            throw new RuntimeException("月份数据异常: "+ Arrays.toString(months));
                        }
                        if(i == 0){
                            cronExp.append(" ").append(month);
                        }else{
                            cronExp.append(",").append(month);
                        }
                    }
                }
                cronExp.append(" ?");
            }
            else if(taskScheduleModel.getJobType().getValue() == 0){
                cronExp.append("* ");//日
                cronExp.append("* ");//月
                cronExp.append("?");//周
            }
        }
        else {
            System.out.println("时或分或秒参数未配置" );//时或分或秒参数未配置
        }
        return cronExp.toString();
    }

生成计划的详细描述

 /**
     *
     *方法摘要：生成计划的详细描述
     *@param  taskScheduleModel
     *@return String
     */
    public static String createDescription(TaskScheduleModel taskScheduleModel){
        StringBuffer description = new StringBuffer("");
        //计划执行开始时间
//      Date startTime = taskScheduleModel.getScheduleStartTime();

        if (null != taskScheduleModel.getSecond()
                && null != taskScheduleModel.getMinute()
                && null != taskScheduleModel.getHour()) {
            //按每天
            if(taskScheduleModel.getJobType().getValue() == 1){
                description.append("每天");
                description.append(taskScheduleModel.getHour()).append("时");
                description.append(taskScheduleModel.getMinute()).append("分");
                description.append(taskScheduleModel.getSecond()).append("秒");
            }

            //按每周
            else if(taskScheduleModel.getJobType().getValue() == 3){
                if(taskScheduleModel.getDayOfWeeks() != null && taskScheduleModel.getDayOfWeeks().length > 0) {
                    String days = "";
                    for(int i : taskScheduleModel.getDayOfWeeks()) {
                        if(i==1){
                            days += "周日";
                        }else {
                            i=i-1;
                            days += "周" + i;
                        }

                    }
                    description.append("每周的").append(days).append(" ");
                }
                if (null != taskScheduleModel.getSecond()
                        && null != taskScheduleModel.getMinute()
                        && null != taskScheduleModel.getHour()) {
                    description.append(",");
                    description.append(taskScheduleModel.getHour()).append("时");
                    description.append(taskScheduleModel.getMinute()).append("分");
                    description.append(taskScheduleModel.getSecond()).append("秒");
                }
            }

            //按每月
            else if(taskScheduleModel.getJobType().getValue() == 2){
                //选择月份
                if(taskScheduleModel.getDayOfMonths() != null && taskScheduleModel.getDayOfMonths().length > 0) {
                    String days = "";
                    for(int i : taskScheduleModel.getDayOfMonths()) {
                        days += i + "号";
                    }
                    description.append("每月的").append(days).append(" ");
                }
                description.append(taskScheduleModel.getHour()).append("时");
                description.append(taskScheduleModel.getMinute()).append("分");
                description.append(taskScheduleModel.getSecond()).append("秒");
            }

        }
        return description.toString();
    }

构建Cron表达式

 /**
     * @description: 构建Cron表达式
     * 
     * @return  String
     * @author panlupeng
     * 
     */
    public static String createLoopCronExpression(int rate, int cycle) {
        String cron = "";
        switch (rate) {
            case 0:// 每cycle秒执行一次
                cron = "0/" + cycle + " * * * * ?";
                break;
            case 1:// 每cycle分钟执行一次
                cron = "0 0/" + cycle + " * * * ?";
                break;
            case 2:// 每cycle小时执行一次
                cron = "0 0 0/" + cycle + " * * ?";
                break;
            case 3:// 每cycle天的0点执行一次
                cron = "0 0 0 1/" + cycle + " * ?";
                break;
            case 4:// 每cycle月的1号0点执行一次
                cron = "0 0 0 1 1/" + cycle + " ? ";
                break;
            case 5://  每天cycle点执行一次
                cron = "0 0 " + cycle+ "  * * ?";
                break;
            default:// 默认每cycle秒执行一次
                cron = "0/1 * * * * ?";
                break;
        }
        return cron;
    }

枚举类

public enum  JobEnum {
    EVERY("每天",0),
    DAY("日",1),
    MONTH("月",2),
    WEEK("周",3),
    YEAR("年",4),
            ;

    JobEnum(String name,Integer value) {
        this.name = name;
        this.value = value;
    }

    private final String name;
    private final Integer value;

    public Integer getValue() {
        return value;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

}

TaskScheduleModel

public class TaskScheduleModel {
    /**
     * 所选作业类型:
     * 0  ->每天每次
     * 1  -> 每天
     * 2  -> 每月
     * 3  -> 每周
     * 4  -> 年
     */
    JobEnum jobType;

    /**一周的哪几天*/
    Integer[] dayOfWeeks;

    /**一个月的哪几天*/
    Integer[] dayOfMonths;

    /**秒  */
    Integer second;

    /**分  */
    Integer minute;

    /**时  */
    Integer hour;

    /**
     * 年
     */
    Integer[] months;

    /**
     * 间隔
     */
    Integer beApart;

    public Integer[] getMonths() {
        return months;
    }

    public void setMonths(Integer[] months) {
        this.months = months;
    }

    public Integer getBeApart() {
        return beApart;
    }

    public void setBeApart(Integer beApart) {
        this.beApart = beApart;
    }

    public JobEnum getJobType() {
        return jobType;
    }

    public void setJobType(JobEnum jobType) {
        this.jobType = jobType;
    }

    public Integer[] getDayOfWeeks() {
        return dayOfWeeks;
    }

    public void setDayOfWeeks(Integer[] dayOfWeeks) {
        this.dayOfWeeks = dayOfWeeks;
    }

    public Integer[] getDayOfMonths() {
        return dayOfMonths;
    }

    public void setDayOfMonths(Integer[] dayOfMonths) {
        this.dayOfMonths = dayOfMonths;
    }

    public Integer getSecond() {
        return second;
    }

    public void setSecond(Integer second) {
        this.second = second;
    }

    public Integer getMinute() {
        return minute;
    }

    public void setMinute(Integer minute) {
        this.minute = minute;
    }

    public Integer getHour() {
        return hour;
    }

    public void setHour(Integer hour) {
        this.hour = hour;
    }

}

测试

 public static void main(String[] args) {
        //执行时间：每天的17时40分00秒 start
        TaskScheduleModel taskScheduleModel = new TaskScheduleModel();
        taskScheduleModel.setJobType(JobEnum.DAY);//按每天
        Integer hour = 17; //时
        Integer minute = 40; //分
        Integer second = 00; //秒
        taskScheduleModel.setHour(hour);
        taskScheduleModel.setMinute(minute);
        taskScheduleModel.setSecond(second);
        //每隔几天执行
        taskScheduleModel.setBeApart(1);
        String cropExp = createCronExpression(taskScheduleModel);
        System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(taskScheduleModel));
        //执行时间：每天的17时40分00秒 end

        taskScheduleModel.setJobType(JobEnum.WEEK);//每周的哪几天执行
        Integer[] dayOfWeeks = new Integer[7];
        dayOfWeeks[0] = 1;//周日
        dayOfWeeks[1] = 2;//周1
        dayOfWeeks[2] = 3;//周2
        dayOfWeeks[3] = 4;//周3
        dayOfWeeks[4] = 5;//周4
        dayOfWeeks[5] = 6;//周5
        dayOfWeeks[6] = 7;//周6

        taskScheduleModel.setDayOfWeeks(dayOfWeeks);
        cropExp = createCronExpression(taskScheduleModel);
        System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(taskScheduleModel));

        taskScheduleModel.setJobType(JobEnum.MONTH);//每月的哪几天执行
        Integer[] dayOfMonths = new Integer[3];
        dayOfMonths[0] = 1;
        dayOfMonths[1] = 21;
        dayOfMonths[2] = 13;
        taskScheduleModel.setDayOfMonths(dayOfMonths);
        cropExp = createCronExpression(taskScheduleModel);
        System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(taskScheduleModel));

        taskScheduleModel.setJobType(JobEnum.EVERY);//每天的几点几分几秒开始
        cropExp = createCronExpression(taskScheduleModel);
        System.out.println(cropExp);
    }

0 40 17 1/2 * ? *:每天17时40分0秒
0 40 17 ? * 1,2,3,4,5,6,7:每周的周日周1周2周3周4周5周6 ,17时40分0秒
0 40 17 1,21,13 * ?:每月的1号21号13号 17时40分0秒
0 40 17 * * ?

第二种解析方式

/**
 * @author longwei
 * @Description 日期时间转Cron表达式
 * @date 2022/11/4 18:17
 */
public class DateTimeToCronUtils {

    /**
     * 每年format格式
     */
    public static final String YEAR = "ss mm HH dd MM ? yyyy";

    /**
     * 每周format格式
     */
    public static final String MONDAY = "ss mm HH ? * 1";
    public static final String TUESDAY = "ss mm HH ? * 2";
    public static final String WEDNESDAY = "ss mm HH ? * 3";
    public static final String THURSDAY = "ss mm HH ? * 4";
    public static final String FRIDAY = "ss mm HH ? * 5";
    public static final String SATURDAY = "ss mm HH ? * 6";
    public static final String SUNDAY = "ss mm HH ? * 7";

    /**
     * 每天format格式
     */
    public static final String EVERYDAY = "ss mm HH * * ?";

    /**
     * 间隔-每天format格式
     */
    public static final String INTERVAL_DAY = "0 0 0 1/param * ? ";

    /**
     * 间隔-每小时format格式
     */
    public static final String INTERVAL_HOUR = "0 0 0/param * * ?";

    /**
     * 间隔-每分钟format格式
     */
    public static final String INTERVAL_MINUTE = "0 0/param * * * ? ";

    /**
     * LocalDateTime格式化为String
     *
     * @param date       LocalDateTime
     * @param dateFormat format格式
     * @return String
     * @author longwei
     */
    public static String formatDateByPattern(LocalDateTime date, String dateFormat) {
        return DateUtil.format(date, dateFormat);
    }

    /**
     * date格式化为String
     *
     * @param date       date
     * @param dateFormat format格式
     * @return String
     * @author longwei
     */
    public static String formatDateByPattern(Date date, String dateFormat) {
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat);
        String formatTimeStr = null;
        if (date != null) {
            formatTimeStr = sdf.format(date);
        }
        return formatTimeStr;
    }

    /**
     * 时间转换Cron表达式
     *
     * @param date       date
     * @param dateFormat format格式
     * @return Cron表达式
     * @author longwei
     */
    public static String getCron(Date date, String dateFormat) {
        return formatDateByPattern(date, dateFormat);
    }

    /**
     * 时间转换Cron表达式
     *
     * @param date       date
     * @param dateFormat format格式
     * @return Cron表达式
     * @author longwei
     */
    public static String getCron(LocalDateTime date, String dateFormat) {
        return formatDateByPattern(date, dateFormat);
    }

    /**
     * 间隔天转换Cron表达式
     *
     * @param param 天
     * @return Cron表达式
     * @author longwei
     */
    public static String getIntervalDayCron(String param) {
        return INTERVAL_DAY.replace("param", param);
    }

    /**
     * 间隔小时转换Cron表达式
     *
     * @param param 小时
     * @return Cron表达式
     * @author longwei
     */
    public static String getIntervalHourCron(String param) {
        return INTERVAL_HOUR.replace("param", param);
    }

    /**
     * 间隔分钟转换Cron表达式
     *
     * @param param 分钟
     * @return Cron表达式
     * @author longwei
     */
    public static String getIntervalMinuteCron(String param) {
        return INTERVAL_MINUTE.replace("param", param);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Date date = new Date();

        String cron = getCron(date, YEAR);
        System.out.println("date-每年执行一次" + cron);

        cron = getCron(date, MONDAY);
        System.out.println("date-每周一执行" + cron);

        cron = getCron(date, EVERYDAY);
        System.out.println("date-每天执行" + cron);


        System.out.println("------------------------------");

        LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.now();

        cron = getCron(localDateTime, YEAR);
        System.out.println("localDateTime-每年执行一次" + cron);

        cron = getCron(localDateTime, MONDAY);
        System.out.println("localDateTime-每周一执行" + cron);

        cron = getCron(localDateTime, EVERYDAY);
        System.out.println("localDateTime-每天执行" + cron);

        LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.now();
        LocalDateTime dateTime = localDate.atTime(13, 14);
        cron = getCron(dateTime, EVERYDAY);
        System.out.println("localDateTime-每天指定时间执行" + cron);

        cron = getIntervalDayCron("1");
        System.out.println("localDateTime-间隔1天执行" + cron);

        cron = getIntervalHourCron("2");
        System.out.println("localDateTime-间隔2小时执行" + cron);

        cron = getIntervalMinuteCron("5");
        System.out.println("localDateTime-间隔5分钟执行" + cron);


    }

}