Javaweb高级第三次课
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什么是jstl
掌握常用jstl标签使用
过滤器与监听器
1 什么是jstl
定义:由apache小组负责维护的一套用于jsp页面开发的标准标签库
说明:使用前需要利用taglib指令引入标签库
2 掌握常用jstl标签使用
核心标签库:
通用标签:<c:set> <c:out> <c:remove> <c:catch>
流程控制标签:<c:if> <c:choose>——<c:when>——<c:otherwise>
迭代标签:<c:forEach>
其他:<c:url> <c:import> <c:param> <c:redirect>
格式化标签库:
<fmt:formatDate>
......
函数标签库:
fn:length()
fn:substring()
......
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" prefix="fn" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
核心标签：
<c:set value="20" var="age" scope="request"></c:set>
<c:remove var="age" scope="request"/>
<c:out value="${age}" default="18"></c:out>——${age }<br />
<c:out value="<h1>hello world" escapeXml="false"></c:out><br />
<c:catch var="ex">
<%int i=10/0; %>
</c:catch>
<c:out value="${ex}"></c:out><br /><br />
流程控制:
<c:set var="uage" value="138"></c:set>
<c:if test="${uage lt 18}">
小鲜肉
</c:if>
<c:if test="${uage ge 18 and uage lt 30}">
青春年华
</c:if>
<c:if test="${uage ge 30}">
老腊肉
</c:if>
<c:choose>
<c:when test="${uage <= 18}">
小学生
</c:when>
<c:when test="${uage >18 and uage <=100}">
大学生
</c:when>
<c:otherwise>
社会我康哥
</c:otherwise>
</c:choose>
其他:
<c:url value="test.jsp" var="bd"></c:url>
<c:import url="${bd}"></c:import><br />
<%--
<c:redirect url="${bd}">
<c:param name="age" value="${uage}"></c:param>
</c:redirect>
--%>
<br />
<br />
<%
Date dt=new Date();
request.setAttribute("dt",dt);
%>
格式化标签:
<fmt:formatDate value="${dt}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd" var="time"/>
${time }
<br />
<br />
函数:
<c:set var="str" value="hello world"></c:set>
字符串长度:${fn:length(str) }<br />
字符串截取:${fn:substring(str,0,5) }<br />
字符串替换:${fn:replace(str,'o','e') }
</body>
</html>
3 过滤器与监听器
过滤器:是一个优先于servlet或jsp运行在服务端的java类
如何使用过滤器:
a 自定义过滤器类实现Filter接口及其方法
b 在web.xml中配置过滤器(类似于servlet配置)
完成:自定义过滤器处理所有servlet的中文乱码
完成:自定义过滤器完成非登录用户不能访问首页
监听器:一般用于对request、session、application对象及其属性变化进行监听
如何使用监听器:
a 自定义监听器类并继承相关的监听父类及其方法
b 在web.xml中配置监听器
完成:定义监听器统计在线人数(当登录成功时会话中加入了属性则人数+1，当退出时会话被销毁则人数-1)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!-- 配置监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>com.direct.listener.RequestListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>com.direct.listener.SessionListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>com.direct.listener.ApplicationListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>com.direct.listener.UserloginListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 声明过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>TestFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.direct.filter.TestFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<!-- 映射过滤器 -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>TestFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/TestServlet</url-pattern><!-- 指定需要过滤的请求路径 -->
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.direct.filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
<!-- 配置参数 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>encode</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>LoginFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.direct.filter.LoginFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>LoginFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/index.jsp</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.direct.servlet.TestServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>UserServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.direct.servlet.UserServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.direct.servlet.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Test01Servlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.direct.servlet.Test01Servlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>UserloginServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.direct.servlet.UserloginServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>TestServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/TestServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>UserServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/UserServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/LoginServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Test01Servlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/Test01Servlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>UserloginServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/UserloginServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>1</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
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