计算机系统基础日志No.8

计算机系统基础日志No.6

一，程序

1.源程序

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

static void show_pointer(void *p, char *descr) {
    //    printf("Pointer for %s at %p\n", descr, p);
    printf("%s\t%p\t%lu\n", descr, p, (unsigned long) p);
}

char big_array[1L<<24];    /*  16 MB */
//char huge_array[1L<<31];   /*   2 GB */
char huge_array[1L<<30];/*   1 GB */
int global = 0;

int useless() { return 0; }

int main ()
{
    void *p1, *p2, *p3, *p4;
    int local = 0;
    p1 = malloc(1L << 28);
    p2 = malloc(1L << 8);
    //p3 = malloc(1L << 32);
	p3 = malloc(1L << 16);
    p4 = malloc(1L << 8);

    show_pointer((void *) big_array, "big array");
    show_pointer((void *) huge_array, "huge array");
    show_pointer((void *) &local, "local");
    show_pointer((void *) &global, "global");
    show_pointer((void *) p1, "p1");
    show_pointer((void *) p2, "p2");
    show_pointer((void *) p3, "p3");
    show_pointer((void *) p4, "p4");
    show_pointer((void *) useless, "useless");
    show_pointer((void *) exit, "exit");
    show_pointer((void *) malloc, "malloc");
    return 0;
}

2.编译运行

lwh@lwh-virtual-machine:~$ touch locate.c
lwh@lwh-virtual-machine:~$ gedit locate.c
lwh@lwh-virtual-machine:~$ gcc locate.c
lwh@lwh-virtual-machine:~$ gcc locate.c -o locate
lwh@lwh-virtual-machine:~$ ./locate
big array	0x56341f2f8040	94781861494848
huge array	0x5633df2f8040	94780787753024
local	0x7fff8a473aa4	140735513311908
global	0x5633df2f8024	94780787752996
p1	0x7f15cd2e3010	139731613397008
p2	0x56342079c260	94781883138656
p3	0x56342079c370	94781883138928
p4	0x5634207ac380	94781883204480
useless	0x5633df0f774d	94780785653581
exit	0x7f15dd327120	139731882111264
malloc	0x7f15dd37b070	139731882455152

二，拓展

unistd.h 是 C 和 C++ 程序设计语言中提供对 POSIX 操作系统 API 的访问功能的头文件的名称。该头文件由 POSIX.1 标准(单一UNIX规范的基础)提出，故所有遵循该标准的操作系统和编译器均应提供该头文件(如 Unix 的所有官方版本，包括 Mac OS X、Linux 等)。