Spring框架中@Primary注解的作用

@Primary注解

@Primary的作用就是当一个接口存在多个实现类时，我们就可以通过@Primary注解来指明哪个实现类作为首选进行自动装配注入。

如果不加@Primary注解，接口ICarService存在两个不同的实现类，我们启动项目，由于存在两个ICarService的实现类，Spring不知道为我们注入哪一个，就会报如下的异常。

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************

Description:

Field carService in com.lbb.controller.CarController required a single bean, but 2 were found:
	- audiCarService: defined in file [D:\ideaprojects\test\target\classes\com\lbb\service\impl\AudiCarService.class]
	- BMWCarService: defined in file [D:\ideaprojects\test\target\classes\com\lbb\service\impl\BMWCarService.class]


Action:

Consider marking one of the beans as @Primary, updating the consumer to accept multiple beans, or using @Qualifier to identify the bean that should be consumed


Process finished with exit code 1

如果在某一个实现类中添加@Primary注解，通过控制台打印，说明Spring为我们自动注入的是经过@Primary注解修饰的AudiCarService。

package com.lbb.service.impl;

import com.lbb.service.ICarService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class BMWCarService implements ICarService {
    @Override
    public void drive() {
        System.out.println("bmw drive");
    }
}

package com.lbb.service.impl;

import com.lbb.service.ICarService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Primary
@Service
public class AudiCarService implements ICarService {

    @Override
    public void drive() {
        System.out.println("audi drive");
    }
}

控制台输出结果：