思维导图
数据的表示
R进制表示及互转
1.二进制转十进制
例1:将二进制数 ( 111010 ) 2 (111010)_2 (111010)2转换为十进制数
解:
( 1 1 1 0 1 0 ) 2 ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 位权 2 5 2 4 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 0 \def\arraystretch{1.5} \begin{array}{cc} &(&1& 1&1&0&1&0&)_2 \\&&\darr&\darr&\darr&\darr&\darr&\darr \\ 位权& & 2^5 & 2^4&2^3&2^2&2^1&2^0 \end{array} 位权(1↓251↓241↓230↓221↓210↓20)2
▶ \blacktriangleright ▶按位权展开本位数字与该位的位权乘积的代数和即: 1 × 2 5 + 1 × 2 4 + 1 × 2 3 + 0 × 2 2 + 1 × 2 1 0 × 2 0 = 32 + 16 + 8 + 2 = ( 58 ) 2 1 \times 2^5 + 1 \times 2^4+1 \times 2^3 +0 \times 2^2 +1 \times 2^1 0 \times 2^0=32 +16+8+2=(58)_2 1×25+1×24+1×23+0×22+1×210×20=32+16+8+2=(58)2
2.十进制转二进制
例2:将二进制数 ( 250 ) 10 (250)_{10} (250)10转换为十进制数
解:
▶ \blacktriangleright ▶熟练掌握2的幂次方的之即: ( 250 ) 10 = 128 + 64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 2 = 1 × 2 7 + 1 × 2 6 + 1 × 2 5 + 1 × 2 4 + 1 × 2 1 = ( 11110010 ) 2 (250)_{10}=128+64+32+16+8+2=1 \times 2^7 +1 \times 2^6 +1\times 2^5 +1 \times 2^4 +1 \times 2^1=(11110010)_2 (250)10