ORM所有查询操作

ORM所有查询基础代码示例：

序列化文件

serializers.py:

class UserSer(serializers.Serializer):
    username = serializers.CharField(max_length=64)
    age = serializers.IntegerField()
    home = serializers.CharField(max_length=64)
    hight = serializers.CharField(max_length=64)
    # classrooms = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(read_only=True)
    # classrooms = serializers.StringRelatedField(read_only=True)
    classrooms = ClassroomSer(read_only=True)

    def create(self, validated_data):
        return User.objects.create(**validated_data)

    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
        pass

视图文件

views.py:

class UserShowView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        # 查询年龄等于age的数据----------------------
        age = request.query_params.get('age')
        user = User.objects.filter(age=age)
        print(user)
        user_obj = UserSer(user, many=True)
        return Response(user_obj.data)

        # 查询全部数据------------------------
        # user = User.objects.all()
        # print(user)
        # user_obj = UserSer(user, many=True)
        # return Response(user_obj.data)

        # 查询年龄等于age的数据的个数-----------------------
        # user = request.query_params.get('age')
        # print(user_obj)
        # user_obj = User.objects.filter(age=user).count()
        # print(user)
        # return HttpResponse('年龄为 %s 的个数有: %s 个' % (user_obj, user))

        # 查询年龄不等于age的全部数据------------------------
        # age = request.query_params.get('age')
        # user = User.objects.exclude(age=age)
        # user_obj = UserSer(user, many=True)
        # return Response(user_obj.data)

        # 查询一个字段是否包含要查询的关键字------------------------
        # user = User.objects.filter(home__contains='河')
        # user_obj = UserSer(user, many=True)
        # return Response(user_obj.data)

        # startswith,endswith 以指定值开头或结尾------------------------------
        # user = User.objects.filter(home__startswith='东')
        # user_obj = UserSer(user, many=True)
        # return Response(user_obj.data)

        # startswith,endswith 以指定值开头或结尾-----------------------
        # user = User.objects.filter(home__endswith='州')
        # user_obj = UserSer(user, many=True)
        # return Response(user_obj.data)

        # 查询一个字段是否为空-------------------------------
        # user = User.objects.filter(age__isnull=True)
        # user_obj = UserSer(user, many=True)
        # return Response(user_obj.data)

        # 范围查询-------------------------------
        # in 在范围内   range 相当于between...and...
        # user = User.objects.filter(age__in=[17, 19, 21, 22])
        # user_obj = UserSer(user, many=True)
        # return Response(user_obj.data)

        # user = User.objects.filter(age__range=[18, 20])
        # user_obj = UserSer(user, many=True)
        # return Response(user_obj.data)

        # ⽐较查询:------------------------------
        # gt　　 　　 ⼤于
        # gte　　　　 ⼤于等于
        # lt　　 　　 ⼩于
        # lte　　　　 ⼩于等于
        # exclude　　不等于

        # F对象和Q对象---------------------------------------
        # 比较两个字段对象之间的关系用F对象（F对象可以进行运算）
        # user = User.objects.filter(age__gte=F('hight'))
        # user_obj = UserSer(user, many=True)
        # return Response(user_obj.data)

        # user = User.objects.filter(age__gte=F('hight') * 2)
        # user_obj = UserSer(user, many=True)
        # return Response(user_obj.data)

        # user_obj = User.objects.filter(Q(hight__gte=180) & Q(hight__lte=190) | Q(age__lt=19))
        # user_ser = UserSer(user_obj, many=True)
        # return Response(user_ser.data)

        # 聚合函数---------------------------------------
        # 使用aggregate()过滤器调用聚合函数，聚合函数包括 Avg 平均，Count 数量，Max 最大，Min 最小，Sum 求和
        # user = User.objects.aggregate(sum=Sum('age'))
        # return Response(user)

        # user = User.objects.aggregate(count=Count('age'))
        # return Response(user)

        # user = User.objects.aggregate(avg=Avg('age'))
        # return Response(user)

        # user = User.objects.aggregate(min=Min('age'))
        # return Response(user)

        # user = User.objects.aggregate(max=Max('age'))
        # return Response(user)

        # 多对一的查询，多表查一表的数据------------------------------------
        # user_obj = User.objects.get(id=1)
        # classname = user_obj.classrooms.class_name
        # return JsonResponse({'classname': classname})

        # user_obj = User.objects.filter(classrooms_id=1)
        # print(user_obj)
        # list1 = []
        # for i in user_obj:
        #     classname = i.classrooms.class_name
        #     list1.append(classname)
        # return JsonResponse({'classname': list1})

        # 一对多的查询，一表查多表的数据-----------------------------------------
        # classroom_obj = Classroom.objects.get(class_name='Python')
        # print(classroom_obj)
        # # student_obj = classroom_obj.user_set.all()
        # student_obj = classroom_obj.users.all()
        # list1 = []
        # for i in student_obj:
        #     list1.append(i.username)
        # return JsonResponse({'学生有': list1})