python实现：图片的像素处理（像素值查看，替换像素值，阈值处理）

1. 像素值查看

from PIL import Image
import numpy as np

# 加载图像
image = Image.open('/home/****/pic.png')
# image = Image.open('output.png')


# 转换为NumPy数组
image_array = np.array(image)

# 获取不同的像素值和它们各自的数量
unique_pixels, counts = np.unique(image_array, return_counts=True)

# 将unique_pixels和counts按照像素值数量从大到小排序
sorted_indices = np.argsort(counts)[::-1]
unique_pixels = unique_pixels[sorted_indices]
counts = counts[sorted_indices]

# 打印像素值数量
print("图像中的不同像素值数量：", len(unique_pixels))
print("图像中的不同像素值：", unique_pixels)



# 打印结果
print("像素值最多的是：", unique_pixels[0])
print("出现次数：", counts[0])
print("像素值第二多的是：", unique_pixels[1])
print("出现次数：", counts[1])

2. 替换指定的像素值

import os
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
from tqdm import tqdm
data_path = "/path/to/源图片根目录"
tgt_path = "/path/to/保存图片的根目录"
for _, _, files in os.walk(data_path):
    for f in tqdm(files):
        img = Image.open(os.path.join(data_path,f))
        img = np.asarray(img).copy()
        img[img == 1] = 255
        img =Image.fromarray(img)
        img.save(os.path.join(tgt_path, f))

3. 阈值处理

# import os
# from PIL import Image
# import numpy as np
#
# def change_pixel_values(input_folder, output_folder):
#     if not os.path.exists(output_folder):
#         os.makedirs(output_folder)
#
#     file_list = os.listdir(input_folder)
#
#     for file_name in file_list:
#         input_path = os.path.join(input_folder, file_name)
#         output_path = os.path.join(output_folder, file_name)
#
#         image = Image.open(input_path).convert('L')
#         pixel_array = np.array(image)
#
#         pixel_array[pixel_array >= 20] = 255
#
#         modified_image = Image.fromarray(pixel_array)
#         modified_image.save(output_path)
#
#     print("Pixel values changed and images saved!")
#
# # 调用示例
# input_folder = '/home/***/IDRiD'
# output_folder = '/home/***/TH_process'
#
# change_pixel_values(input_folder, output_folder)




from PIL import Image
import numpy as np

def change_pixel_values(image_path):
    image = Image.open(image_path).convert('L')  # 转换为灰度图像
    pixel_array = np.array(image)

    # 将非零像素值设置为255
    pixel_array[pixel_array >= 10] = 255

    modified_image = Image.fromarray(pixel_array)

    return modified_image

image_path = '/home/***/pic.png'
modified_image = change_pixel_values(image_path)
modified_image.save('modified_pic.png')