整个项目结构:
单例模式:对象在容器中全局唯一,在IOC容器初始化的时候该对象就会被创建。scope=“singleton”
多例模式:在每一次调用getBean的时候IOC容器才会创建该对象的实体,并且每次创建都是不同的对象。scope=“prototype”
懒加载:
用lazy-init。告诉spring容器是否以懒加载的方式创造对象。用的时候才加载构造,不用的时候不加载
取值:true(懒,真正调用到的时候再加载)、false(非懒,已启动spring容器就创建对象)、default(懒)
懒加载与非懒加载的优缺点:
懒加载:对象使用的时候才去创建,节省资源,但是不利于提前发现错误。
非懒加载:容器启动的时候立刻创建对象。消耗资源。利于提前发现错误。
当scope=“prototype” (多例)时,默认以懒加载的方式产生对象。
当scope=“singleton” (单例)时,默认以非懒加载的方式产生对象。
1.添加依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.14</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.在bean包创建一个Person类
package yx.swjd.bean;
public class Person {
private int id;
private String name;
private String sex;
public Person() {
System.out.println("无参数构造方法");
}
public Person(int id, String name, String sex) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
System.out.println("带参数构造方法");
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
'}';
}
//初始化的方法
public void init(){
System.out.println("对象创建完就调用");
}
//销毁的方法
public void destroy(){
System.out.println("xhjdy");
}
}
3.在resources中创建applicationCext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- id表示对象名,class表示对象从Person类创建-->
<!-- name是小名,有很多,id只一个-->
<!-- scope对象的创建规则 单例多例-->
<!-- lazy-init="true"对象的加载时机 懒加载 true 对象使用的时候才创建 false spring框架启动就加载-->
<!-- 方式一 无参构造方法创建-->
<bean id="p1" name="person1,person2" class="yx.swjd.bean.Person" scope="singleton" lazy-init="true" init-method="init" destroy-method="destroy">
<!-- di过程,依赖注入-->
<property name="id" value="958"></property>
<property name="name" value="yx"></property>
<property name="sex" value="man"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="p2" name="person3,person4" class="yx.swjd.bean.Person" scope="prototype">
<!-- di过程,依赖注入-->
<property name="id" value="111"></property>
<property name="name" value="zlx"></property>
<property name="sex" value="woman"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 方式二 带参构造方法-->
<bean id="p3" class="yx.swjd.bean.Person">
<constructor-arg index="0" type="int" value="9528"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg index="1" type="java.lang.String" value="yx"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg index="2" type="java.lang.String" value="man"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<!-- 方式三 用静态工厂创建对象-->
<bean id="p4" class="yx.swjd.beanfactory.PersonFactory" factory-method="createPerson">
</bean>
<!-- 方式四 用非静态工厂创建对象-->
<bean id="nostaticFactory" class="yx.swjd.beanfactory.NostaticFactory">
</bean>
<bean id="p5" factory-bean="nostaticFactory" factory-method="createPerson">
</bean>
</beans>
3.在beanfactory创建静态工厂和非静态工厂
package yx.swjd.beanfactory;
import yx.swjd.bean.Person;
public class NostaticFactory {
public Person createPerson(){
System.out.println("使用了非静态工厂");
return new Person(1234,"xhh","man");
}
}
package yx.swjd.beanfactory;
import yx.swjd.bean.Person;
//静态工厂
public class PersonFactory {
//创建person的静态方法
public static Person createPerson(){
System.out.println("使用了静态工厂");
return new Person(1234,"xhh","man");
}
}
4.最后创建一个test类对代码进行测试
package yx.swjd.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import yx.swjd.bean.Person;
public class Mytest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Person person=new Person();
// System.out.println(person);
//Spring容器的方式
// 启动并加载spring框架
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationCext.xml");
//拿对象,为单例
Person person1=context.getBean("person2",Person.class);
person1.setName("zjl");
Person person2=context.getBean("person2",Person.class);
System.out.println(person1==person2);
//手动关容器
context.close();
}
@Test
public void danli(){
// Person person=new Person();
// System.out.println(person);
//Spring容器的方式
// 启动并加载spring框架
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationCext.xml");
//拿对象,为单例
Person person1=context.getBean("person2",Person.class);
person1.setName("zjl");
Person person2=context.getBean("person2",Person.class);
System.out.println(person1==person2);
}
@Test
public void duoli(){
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context=
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationCext.xml");
Person person1=context.getBean("p2",Person.class);
Person person2=context.getBean("p2",Person.class);
System.out.println(person1==person2);
}
@Test
public void daicangshu(){
//带参数构造方法创建
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context=
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationCext.xml");
Person person=context.getBean("p3",Person.class);
System.out.println(person);
}
@Test
public void jingtaigongchang(){
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context=
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationCext.xml");
Person person=context.getBean("p4",Person.class);
System.out.println(person);
}
@Test
public void Nojingtaigongchang(){
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context=
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationCext.xml");
Person person=context.getBean("p5",Person.class);
System.out.println(person);
}
}
此篇博文记仅录自己的学习之路。