Android Socket通信Demo
一、Demo简介
我的这个Demo通过socket实现了同一局域网内的两部手机互发数据。
首先,要通信,就得让一台手机成为服务器,其他手机设备就是客户端了。
创建两个线程,一个服务器线程,一个客户端线程。想让当前手机成为服务器就开启服务器线程。作为服务器的设备先开启线程。
效果图:
有个问题就是我在测试的时候,用的是一个模拟器和一个手机,然后发现模拟器作为服务器端,手机作为客户端连接不上服务器,手机作为服务器端就可以,应该是因为模拟器的网络有点问题。所以测试就用两个手机来测试吧,而且要连接同一个wifi,如果一个手机开启热点给另一个手机连也可以通信,但在app里就获取不到作为服务器端的手机的ip地址(可以写代码获取但我有点懒了。。。),需要自己去设置里面查看ip地址。
添加权限声明:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
二、服务器线程
/**
* 服务器线程
*/
public class ServerThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
try {
mServerSocket = new ServerSocket(12322);//监听端口
Log.d(TAG, "ServerThread开启");
mSocket = mServerSocket.accept();//一直阻塞,直到收到请求
Log.d(TAG, "收到连接请求");
mOs = mSocket.getOutputStream();
mIs = mSocket.getInputStream();
mIsr = new InputStreamReader(mIs);
mBufferedReader = new BufferedReader(mIsr);
while ((msgContent = mBufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
Message message = new Message();
message.what = 1;
message.obj = msgContent;
mHandler.sendMessage(message);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
new一个ServerSocket
对象来监听固定端口,哪个端口都可以,只要没被占用。然后调用ServerSocket对象的 accept()
方法,该方法会一直阻塞直到有设备连接进来。有设备连接进来就会返回一个Socket
实例,通过这个Socket实例获取输入流/输出流就可以收发数据了。通过handler通知主线程更新UI。
三、客户端线程
/**
* 客户端线程
*/
public class ClientThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
try {
mSocket = new Socket(targetIpAddress, 12322);
if (mSocket.isConnected()) {
mOs = mSocket.getOutputStream();
mIs = mSocket.getInputStream();
mIsr = new InputStreamReader(mIs);
mBufferedReader = new BufferedReader(mIsr);
while ((msgContent = mBufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
Message message = new Message();
message.what = 1;
message.obj = msgContent;
mHandler.sendMessage(message);
}
} else {
Log.d(TAG, "建立socket连接失败");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Log.d(TAG, "服务器ip地址不正确");
}
}
}
开启客户端线程之前,要知道服务器端的ip地址。然后new一个socket
对象,参数为服务器ip地址和端口号。通过Socket对象的isConnected()
判断有没有连接成功。如果成功就可以获取输入流/输出流来收发数据了。
四、发送数据
创建一个负责发送数据的线程类,每发送一次数据就开启一个线程。
/**
* 发送数据的方法
*/
private void sendMessage() {
String content = mSendStrEdit.getText().toString();
if (mOs != null) {
try {
if (!content.equals("")) {
mOs.write(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
mOs.write("\n".getBytes("utf-8"));
mOs.flush();
} else {
Log.d(TAG, "发送内容为空!!!!");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Log.d(TAG, "发送失败!!!!");
}
}
}
public class SendThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
Log.d(TAG, "发送数据");
sendMessage();
}
}
五、Demo全部代码
1、MainActivity.java代码
package com.example.socketdemo;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AlertDialog;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.NetworkInterface;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Enumeration;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Socket mSocket;
private ServerSocket mServerSocket;
private InputStream mIs;
private OutputStream mOs;
private InputStreamReader mIsr;
private BufferedReader mBufferedReader;
private String msgContent;
private Handler mHandler;
private TextView mReceiveText;
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
private Button mServerBtn;
private Button mClientBtn;
private Button mSendBtn;
private String mReceiverContent;
private TextView mIpAddressView;
private EditText mSendStrEdit;
private View mDialogView;
private EditText mIpEditText;
private String targetIpAddress;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
//初始化监听
initListener();
mHandler = new Handler(new Handler.Callback() {
@Override
public boolean handleMessage(@NonNull Message message) {
if (message.what == 1) {
Log.d(TAG, "收到UI更新请求");
mReceiveText.append(message.obj.toString() + " ");
}
return false;
}
});
}
private void initView() {
mReceiveText = findViewById(R.id.message_receive);
mServerBtn = findViewById(R.id.server_btn);
mClientBtn = findViewById(R.id.client_btn);
mSendBtn = findViewById(R.id.send_message_btn);
mIpAddressView = findViewById(R.id.ip_address_view);
mSendStrEdit = findViewById(R.id.send_content_edit);
}
private void initListener() {
//服务器按钮
mServerBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
//获取本机ip
getIpAddress();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "服务器", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
ServerThread serverThread = new ServerThread();
serverThread.start();
}
});
//客户端按钮
mClientBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "客户端", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
showTargetIPDialog();
}
});
//发送信息的方法
mSendBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
SendThread sendThread = new SendThread();
sendThread.start();
}
});
}
private void showTargetIPDialog() {
mDialogView = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this).inflate(R.layout.dialog_layout, null);
mIpEditText = mDialogView.findViewById(R.id.target_ip_address_edit);
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
builder.setView(mDialogView);
builder.setTitle("请输入服务器ip地址");
builder.setPositiveButton("发起连接", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
if (mIpEditText.getText().toString().equals("")) {
//输入为空
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "ip地址不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
//输入不为空
targetIpAddress = mIpEditText.getText().toString();
mIpAddressView.setText("当前设备不是服务器");
ClientThread clientThread = new ClientThread();
clientThread.start();
dialogInterface.dismiss();
}
}
});
AlertDialog alertDialog = builder.create();
alertDialog.show();
}
/**
* 获取本机的ip地址
* 分wifi网络下获取地址
* 和移动网络下获取地址
*/
private void getIpAddress() {
//获取wifi服务
WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
//判断wifi是否开启
if (wifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
//使用wifi网络联网
WifiInfo wifiInfo = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
int ipAddress = wifiInfo.getIpAddress();
mIpAddressView.setText(ipInt2Str(ipAddress));
} else {
//使用移动网络联网
mIpAddressView.setText("请自行查看手机ip地址");
}
}
//将Int型的ip地址转换成String型地址,如:192.168.1.12
private String ipInt2Str(int ipInt) {
return (ipInt & 0xFF) + "." +
((ipInt >> 8) & 0xFF) + "." +
((ipInt >> 16) & 0xFF) + "." +
(ipInt >> 24 & 0xFF);
}
/**
* 发送数据的方法
*/
private void sendMessage() {
String content = mSendStrEdit.getText().toString();
if (mOs != null) {
try {
if (!content.equals("")) {
mOs.write(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
mOs.write("\n".getBytes("utf-8"));
mOs.flush();
} else {
Log.d(TAG, "发送内容为空!!!!");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Log.d(TAG, "发送失败!!!!");
}
}
}
/**
* 服务器线程
*/
public class ServerThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
try {
mServerSocket = new ServerSocket(12322);//监听端口
Log.d(TAG, "ServerThread开启");
mSocket = mServerSocket.accept();//一直阻塞,直到收到请求
Log.d(TAG, "收到连接请求");
mOs = mSocket.getOutputStream();
mIs = mSocket.getInputStream();
mIsr = new InputStreamReader(mIs);
mBufferedReader = new BufferedReader(mIsr);
while ((msgContent = mBufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
Message message = new Message();
message.what = 1;
message.obj = msgContent;
mHandler.sendMessage(message);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 客户端线程
*/
public class ClientThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
try {
mSocket = new Socket(targetIpAddress, 12322);
if (mSocket.isConnected()) {
mOs = mSocket.getOutputStream();
mIs = mSocket.getInputStream();
mIsr = new InputStreamReader(mIs);
mBufferedReader = new BufferedReader(mIsr);
while ((msgContent = mBufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
Message message = new Message();
message.what = 1;
message.obj = msgContent;
mHandler.sendMessage(message);
}
} else {
Log.d(TAG, "建立socket连接失败");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Log.d(TAG, "服务器ip地址不正确");
}
}
}
public class SendThread extends Thread {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
Log.d(TAG, "发送数据");
sendMessage();
}
}
}
2、布局代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/message_receive"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textColor="@color/black"
android:textSize="16sp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView2"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.304" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="30dp"
android:text="接收到的数据:"
android:textColor="@color/purple_700"
android:textSize="16sp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.051"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.303" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/server_btn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="服务器"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/textView2"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.30"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.5" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/client_btn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="40dp"
android:text="客户端"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/textView2"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/server_btn"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.5" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/send_message_btn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="发送数据"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/send_content_edit"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="20dp"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/send_message_btn"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView3"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/message_receive"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.525" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="30dp"
android:text="要发送的内容:"
android:textColor="@color/purple_700"
android:textSize="16sp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/send_message_btn"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/message_receive"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.548" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView4"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="请选择当前设备为服务器/客户端:"
android:textColor="@color/black"
android:textSize="18sp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/server_btn"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView5"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="服务器ip地址为:"
android:textColor="@color/black"
android:textSize="16sp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/textView2"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.11"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/server_btn"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.492" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/ip_address_view"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="10dp"
android:textColor="#00BA08"
android:textSize="16sp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/message_receive"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/textView5"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/client_btn"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.515" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
对话框布局代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/target_ip_address_edit"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="textPersonName"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
写的东西比较简单,有写得不太好的地方欢迎指正。