Android的添加导航框

参考这篇代码
首先添加两个按键先，记得这个id号，后面是有调用到的

代码如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <item
        android:id="@+id/navigation_home"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_home_black_24dp"
        android:title="@string/title_home" />

    <item
        android:id="@+id/navigation_dashboard"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_dashboard_black_24dp"
        android:title="@string/title_dashboard" />

    <item
        android:id="@+id/navigation_notifications"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_notifications_black_24dp"
        android:title="@string/title_notifications" />
    <item
        android:id="@+id/navigation_new"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_notifications_black_24dp"
        android:title="button4_fragment" />
    <item
        android:id="@+id/button5"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_notifications_black_24dp"
        android:title="button5" />
</menu>

在这里添加fragment声明。注意，这个id号要跟“menu”里面的id号要相同，name要跟Java代码的fragment相同，layout名是xml文件的layout文件，反正要一一对应

代码如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<navigation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/mobile_navigation"
    app:startDestination="@+id/navigation_home">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/navigation_home"
        android:name="com.example.myapplication3.ui.home.HomeFragment"
        android:label="@string/title_home"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_home" />

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/navigation_dashboard"
        android:name="com.example.myapplication3.ui.dashboard.DashboardFragment"
        android:label="@string/title_dashboard"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_dashboard" />

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/navigation_notifications"
        android:name="com.example.myapplication3.ui.notifications.NotificationsFragment"
        android:label="@string/title_notifications"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_notifications" />
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/navigation_new"
        android:name="com.example.myapplication3.ui.button4.button4Fragment"
        android:label="the new"
        tools:layout="@layout/button4_fragment" />
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/button5"
        android:name="com.example.myapplication3.ui.button5.button5Fragment"
        android:label="the new"
        tools:layout="@layout/button4_fragment" />
</navigation>

然后在ui文件夹下新建一个文件夹命名为myNavagation,在里面new一个fragment->fragment with viewmodel
然后就会自动出现三个文件，两个Java文件，一个xml文件

button4Fragment代码

package com.example.myapplication3.ui.button4;

import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider;

import android.os.Bundle;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import com.example.myapplication3.R;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProviders;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.lifecycle.Observer;

public class button4Fragment extends Fragment {

//    private Button4ViewModel mViewModel;
//
//    public static button4Fragment newInstance() {
//        return new button4Fragment();
//    }
//
//    @Override
//    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container,
//                             @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.button4_fragment, container, false);
//    }
//
//    @Override
//    public void onActivityCreated(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
//        mViewModel = new ViewModelProvider(this).get(Button4ViewModel.class);
//        // TODO: Use the ViewModel
//    }

    private Button4ViewModel newViewModel;

    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater,
                             ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        newViewModel =
                ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(Button4ViewModel.class);
        //上面的方法已经过时，但是不妨碍我们使用它，可以以后再修改，现在主要是入个门
        View root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.button4_fragment, container, false);
        final TextView textView = root.findViewById(R.id.button41);
        //下面代码中observe()方法里的this，可能在IDE里是有红色波浪线的，但是却是可以编译的。
        //也可以直接把this改成getViewLifecycleOwner() 就不会报错了
        newViewModel.getText().observe(getViewLifecycleOwner(), new Observer<String>() {
            @Override
            public void onChanged(@Nullable String s) {
                textView.setText(s);
            }
        });
        return root;
    }


}

Button4ViewModel代码

package com.example.myapplication3.ui.button4;

import androidx.lifecycle.LiveData;
import androidx.lifecycle.MutableLiveData;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel;

public class Button4ViewModel extends ViewModel {
    // TODO: Implement the ViewModel
    private MutableLiveData<String> mText;

    public Button4ViewModel() {
        mText = new MutableLiveData<>();
        mText.setValue("This is dashboard fragment");
    }

    public LiveData<String> getText() {
        return mText;
    }
}

button4_fragment.xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/button41"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:textAlignment="center"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:text="这个是新建的"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

在MainActivity里面加上添加的那两个id号

如下图，id号要跟menu和mobile_navigation的id号要一致