K8S部署MySQL5.7的主从服务

容器云服务

已于 2024-08-26 14:20:48 修改

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于 2024-08-23 16:02:17 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44923842/article/details/141468094

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mysql-slave-0是master
mysql-slave-1是slave
当mysql写的时候，找headless service中的 mysql-slave-0.mysql57-slave-headless；当mysql读的时候，找clusterip service中的mysql57-slave-read读，实现读写分离。
statefulset维护两个副本，一个主一个从
因为主从的配置不同所以通过configmap来解决主从配置不同的问题

创建命名空间

cat mysql-cluster-s.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: mysql-cluster

创建配置文件

这一配置不适合生产环境。 MySQL 设置都使用的是不安全的默认值，这是因为我们想把重点放在 Kubernetes 中运行有状态应用程序的一般模式上。

# cat configmap.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: mysql57-slave-cfg
  namespace: mysql-cluster
  labels:
    app: mysql57-slave
data:
  master.cnf: |
    # Apply this config only on the master.
    [mysqld]
    log-bin  # 主mysql激活二进制日志
  slave.cnf: |
    # Apply this config only on slaves.
    [mysqld]
    super-read-only   # 从mysql上面设置为只读

创建service服务

cat service.yaml

为 StatefulSet 成员提供稳定的 DNS 表项的无头服务（Headless Service）

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql57-slave-headless
  namespace: mysql-cluster
  labels:
    app: mysql57-slave
spec:
  ports:
  - name: mysql
    port: 3306
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    app: mysql57-slave
---
# Client service for connecting to any MySQL instance for reads.
# For writes, you must instead connect to the master: mysql-0.mysql.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql57-slave-read
  namespace: mysql-cluster
  labels:
    app: mysql57-slave
spec:
  ports:
  - name: mysql
    port: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql57-slave

创建sts服务

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: mysql57-slave
  namespace: mysql-cluster
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: mysql57-slave
  serviceName: mysql57-slave-headless
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql57-slave
    spec:
      initContainers:
      - name: init-mysql
        image: mysql:5.7
        #image: mysql:8.0.36
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex
          # Generate mysql server-id from pod ordinal index.
          [[ `tail -n 1 /etc/hosts` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          #[[ `hostid` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          ordinal=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
          echo [mysqld] > /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf
          # Add an offset to avoid reserved server-id=0 value.
          echo server-id=$((100 + $ordinal)) >> /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf
          # Copy appropriate conf.d files from config-map to emptyDir.
          if [[ $ordinal -eq 0 ]]; then
            cp /mnt/config-map/master.cnf /mnt/conf.d/
          else
            cp /mnt/config-map/slave.cnf /mnt/conf.d/
          fi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /mnt/conf.d
        - name: config-map
          mountPath: /mnt/config-map
      - name: clone-mysql
        #image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/hxpdocker/xtrabackup:1.0
        # 该镜像通过附件下载xtrabackup:1.0
        image: gcr.io/google-samples/xtrabackup:1.0
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex
          # Skip the clone if data already exists.
          [[ -d /var/lib/mysql/mysql ]] && exit 0
          # Skip the clone on master (ordinal index 0).
          [[ `tail -n 1 /etc/hosts` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          #[[ `hostid` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          ordinal=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
          [[ $ordinal -eq 0 ]] && exit 0
          # Clone data from previous peer.
          # mysql-$(($ordinal-1)).mysql->mysql57-slave-0.mysql57-slave-headless
          ncat --recv-only mysql57-slave-$(($ordinal-1)).mysql57-slave-headless 3307 | xbstream -x -C /var/lib/mysql
          # Prepare the backup.
          xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/var/lib/mysql
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
      containers:
      - name: mysql
        image: mysql:5.7
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD
          value: "1"
        ports:
        - name: mysql
          containerPort: 3306
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 500m
            memory: 500Mi
        livenessProbe:
          exec:
            command: ["mysqladmin", "ping"]
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          periodSeconds: 10
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        readinessProbe:
          exec:
            # Check we can execute queries over TCP (skip-networking is off).
            command: ["mysql", "-h", "127.0.0.1", "-e", "SELECT 1"]
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          periodSeconds: 2
          timeoutSeconds: 1
      - name: xtrabackup
        #image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/hxpdocker/xtrabackup:1.0
        #该镜像通过附件下载导入
        image: gcr.io/google-samples/xtrabackup:1.0
        ports:
        - name: xtrabackup
          containerPort: 3307
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex

          cd /var/lib/mysql

          # Determine binlog position of cloned data, if any.
          if [[ -f xtrabackup_slave_info && "x$(<xtrabackup_slave_info)" != "x" ]]; then
            # XtraBackup already generated a partial "CHANGE MASTER TO" query
            # because we're cloning from an existing slave. (Need to remove the tailing semicolon!)
            cat xtrabackup_slave_info | sed -E 's/;$//g' > change_master_to.sql.in
            # Ignore xtrabackup_binlog_info in this case (it's useless).
            rm -f xtrabackup_slave_info xtrabackup_binlog_info
          elif [[ -f xtrabackup_binlog_info ]]; then
            # We're cloning directly from master. Parse binlog position.
            [[ `cat xtrabackup_binlog_info` =~ ^(.*?)[[:space:]]+(.*?)$ ]] || exit 1
            rm -f xtrabackup_binlog_info xtrabackup_slave_info
            echo "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='${BASH_REMATCH[1]}',\
                  MASTER_LOG_POS=${BASH_REMATCH[2]}" > change_master_to.sql.in
          fi

          # Check if we need to complete a clone by starting replication.
          if [[ -f change_master_to.sql.in ]]; then
            echo "Waiting for mysqld to be ready (accepting connections)"
            until mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -e "SELECT 1"; do sleep 1; done

            echo "Initializing replication from clone position"
            ## 修改名字mysql-$(($ordinal-1)).mysql->mysql57-slave-0.mysql57-slave-headless
            mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -e "$(<change_master_to.sql.in), MASTER_HOST='mysql57-slave-0.mysql57-slave-headless', MASTER_USER='root', MASTER_PASSWORD='',MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10; START SLAVE;" || exit 1
            # In case of container restart, attempt this at-most-once.
            mv change_master_to.sql.in change_master_to.sql.orig
          fi

          # Start a server to send backups when requested by peers.
          exec ncat --listen --keep-open --send-only --max-conns=1 3307 -c \
            "xtrabackup --backup --slave-info --stream=xbstream --host=127.0.0.1 --user=root"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
      volumes:
      - name: conf
        emptyDir: {}
      - name: config-map
        configMap:
          name: mysql57-slave-cfg
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: data
    spec:
      accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
      #存储类
      storageClassName: longhorn
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 200Gi

查看mysql的主从状态是否正常

show slave status\G;

完整的yaml文件如下

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: mysql-cluster
---
# cat configmap.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: mysql57-slave-cfg
  namespace: mysql-cluster
  labels:
    app: mysql57-slave
data:
  master.cnf: |
    # Apply this config only on the master.
    [mysqld]
    log-bin  # 主mysql激活二进制日志
  slave.cnf: |
    # Apply this config only on slaves.
    [mysqld]
    super-read-only   # 从mysql上面设置为只读
---
# cat service.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql57-slave-headless
  namespace: mysql-cluster
  labels:
    app: mysql57-slave
spec:
  ports:
  - name: mysql
    port: 3306
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    app: mysql57-slave
---
# Client service for connecting to any MySQL instance for reads.
# For writes, you must instead connect to the master: mysql-0.mysql.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql57-slave-read
  namespace: mysql-cluster
  labels:
    app: mysql57-slave
spec:
  ports:
  - name: mysql
    port: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql57-slave
---
# cat statefulset.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: mysql57-slave
  namespace: mysql-cluster
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: mysql57-slave
  serviceName: mysql57-slave-headless
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql57-slave
    spec:
      initContainers:
      - name: init-mysql
        image: mysql:5.7
        #image: mysql:8.0.36
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex
          # Generate mysql server-id from pod ordinal index.
          [[ `tail -n 1 /etc/hosts` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          #[[ `hostid` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          ordinal=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
          echo [mysqld] > /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf
          # Add an offset to avoid reserved server-id=0 value.
          echo server-id=$((100 + $ordinal)) >> /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf
          # Copy appropriate conf.d files from config-map to emptyDir.
          if [[ $ordinal -eq 0 ]]; then
            cp /mnt/config-map/master.cnf /mnt/conf.d/
          else
            cp /mnt/config-map/slave.cnf /mnt/conf.d/
          fi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /mnt/conf.d
        - name: config-map
          mountPath: /mnt/config-map
      - name: clone-mysql
        #image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/hxpdocker/xtrabackup:1.0
        # 该镜像通过附件下载xtrabackup:1.0
        image: gcr.io/google-samples/xtrabackup:1.0
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex
          # Skip the clone if data already exists.
          [[ -d /var/lib/mysql/mysql ]] && exit 0
          # Skip the clone on master (ordinal index 0).
          [[ `tail -n 1 /etc/hosts` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          #[[ `hostid` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          ordinal=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
          [[ $ordinal -eq 0 ]] && exit 0
          # Clone data from previous peer.
          # mysql-$(($ordinal-1)).mysql->mysql57-slave-0.mysql57-slave-headless
          ncat --recv-only mysql57-slave-$(($ordinal-1)).mysql57-slave-headless 3307 | xbstream -x -C /var/lib/mysql
          # Prepare the backup.
          xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/var/lib/mysql
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
      containers:
      - name: mysql
        image: mysql:5.7
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD
          value: "1"
        ports:
        - name: mysql
          containerPort: 3306
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 500m
            memory: 500Mi
        livenessProbe:
          exec:
            command: ["mysqladmin", "ping"]
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          periodSeconds: 10
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        readinessProbe:
          exec:
            # Check we can execute queries over TCP (skip-networking is off).
            command: ["mysql", "-h", "127.0.0.1", "-e", "SELECT 1"]
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          periodSeconds: 2
          timeoutSeconds: 1
      - name: xtrabackup
        #image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/hxpdocker/xtrabackup:1.0
        #该镜像通过附件下载导入
        image: gcr.io/google-samples/xtrabackup:1.0
        ports:
        - name: xtrabackup
          containerPort: 3307
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex

          cd /var/lib/mysql

          # Determine binlog position of cloned data, if any.
          if [[ -f xtrabackup_slave_info && "x$(<xtrabackup_slave_info)" != "x" ]]; then
            # XtraBackup already generated a partial "CHANGE MASTER TO" query
            # because we're cloning from an existing slave. (Need to remove the tailing semicolon!)
            cat xtrabackup_slave_info | sed -E 's/;$//g' > change_master_to.sql.in
            # Ignore xtrabackup_binlog_info in this case (it's useless).
            rm -f xtrabackup_slave_info xtrabackup_binlog_info
          elif [[ -f xtrabackup_binlog_info ]]; then
            # We're cloning directly from master. Parse binlog position.
            [[ `cat xtrabackup_binlog_info` =~ ^(.*?)[[:space:]]+(.*?)$ ]] || exit 1
            rm -f xtrabackup_binlog_info xtrabackup_slave_info
            echo "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='${BASH_REMATCH[1]}',\
                  MASTER_LOG_POS=${BASH_REMATCH[2]}" > change_master_to.sql.in
          fi

          # Check if we need to complete a clone by starting replication.
          if [[ -f change_master_to.sql.in ]]; then
            echo "Waiting for mysqld to be ready (accepting connections)"
            until mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -e "SELECT 1"; do sleep 1; done

            echo "Initializing replication from clone position"
            ## 修改名字mysql-$(($ordinal-1)).mysql->mysql57-slave-0.mysql57-slave-headless
            mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -e "$(<change_master_to.sql.in), MASTER_HOST='mysql57-slave-0.mysql57-slave-headless', MASTER_USER='root', MASTER_PASSWORD='',MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10; START SLAVE;" || exit 1
            # In case of container restart, attempt this at-most-once.
            mv change_master_to.sql.in change_master_to.sql.orig
          fi

          # Start a server to send backups when requested by peers.
          exec ncat --listen --keep-open --send-only --max-conns=1 3307 -c \
            "xtrabackup --backup --slave-info --stream=xbstream --host=127.0.0.1 --user=root"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
      volumes:
      - name: conf
        emptyDir: {}
      - name: config-map
        configMap:
          name: mysql57-slave-cfg
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: data
    spec:
      accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
      #存储类
      storageClassName: longhorn
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 200Gi

参考链接：

https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/tasks/run-application/run-replicated-stateful-application/

https://blog.51cto.com/u_13045706/10035400