Java8流式API对学生信息的使用

StreamAPI
Stream API利用Lambda表达式完成，极大的提高了程序的效率和可读性，实现了万物皆可一行代码。以下是对学生信息的使用案例。
首先创建一个Student类来存放数据。里面放入学号等信息的定义，hashCode值，equals方法，toString方法和构造器方法等。

public class Student {
 /**学号*/
 private int sno;
 /**姓名*/
 private String name;
 /**生日*/
 private LocalDate birth;
 /**专业*/
 private String major;
 /**学分*/
 private double score;
 /**性别*/
 private String sex;
@Override
 public int hashCode() {
  final int prime = 31;
  int result = 1;
  result = prime * result + ((birth == null) ? 0 : birth.hashCode());
  result = prime * result + ((major == null) ? 0 : major.hashCode());
  result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
  long temp;
  temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(score);
  result = prime * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
  result = prime * result + ((sex == null) ? 0 : sex.hashCode());
  result = prime * result + sno;
  return result;
 }
 @Override
 public boolean equals(Object obj) {
  if (this == obj)
   return true;
  if (obj == null)
   return false;
  if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
   return false;
  Student other = (Student) obj;
  if (birth == null) {
   if (other.birth != null)
    return false;
  } else if (!birth.equals(other.birth))
   return false;
  if (major == null) {
   if (other.major != null)
    return false;
  } else if (!major.equals(other.major))
   return false;
  if (name == null) {
   if (other.name != null)
    return false;
  } else if (!name.equals(other.name))
   return false;
  if (Double.doubleToLongBits(score) != Double.doubleToLongBits(other.score))
   return false;
  if (sex == null) {
   if (other.sex != null)
    return false;
  } else if (!sex.equals(other.sex))
   return false;
  if (sno != other.sno)
   return false;
  return true;
 }
 public int getSno() {
  return sno;
 }
 public void setSno(int sno) {
  this.sno = sno;
 }
 public String getName() {
  return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name) {
  this.name = name;
 }
 public LocalDate getBirth() {
  return birth;
 }
 public void setBirth(LocalDate birth) {
  this.birth = birth;
 }
 public String getMajor() {
  return major;
 }
 public void setMajor(String major) {
  this.major = major;
 }
 public double getScore() {
  return score;
 }
 public void setScore(double score) {
  this.score = score;
 }
 public String getSex() {
  return sex;
 }
 public void setSex(String sex) {
  this.sex = sex;
 }
 @Override
 public String toString() {
  return "Student [sno=" + sno + ", name=" + name + ", birth=" + birth + ", major=" + major + ", score=" + score
    + ", sex=" + sex + "]";
 }
}

然后就可以通过创建一个List集合来存放数据。

static List<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>() {
  {
  add(new Student(140,"kill",LocalDate.of(1999,10,7),"软件工程",80.5,"男"));
  add(new Student(123,"tom",LocalDate.of(1998,12,2),"计算机科学",88.5,"男"));
  add(new Student(140,"kill",LocalDate.of(1999,10,7),"软件工程",80.5,"男"));
  add(new Student(145,"aili",LocalDate.of(1998,3,7),"软件工程",56.5,"女"));
  add(new Student(165,"true",LocalDate.of(1999,5,4),"网络工程",90.5,"女"));
  add(new Student(134,"pen",LocalDate.of(1997,11,18),"电信技术",84.5,"男"));
  add(new Student(162,"mick",LocalDate.of(1999,12,14),"软件工程",59.5,"男"));
  add(new Student(187,"totty",LocalDate.of(1997,4,10),"网络工程",97.5,"女"));
  add(new Student(157,"hellen",LocalDate.of(1999,6,16),"通信技术",83.5,"男"));
  add(new Student(199,"rose",LocalDate.of(1998,11,18),"软件工程",88,"女"));
  add(new Student(164,"year",LocalDate.of(1998,7,14),"软件工程",67.5,"男"));
  add(new Student(141,"lily",LocalDate.of(1999,8,21),"软件工程",88.5,"女"));
  add(new Student(180,"cat",LocalDate.of(1997,11,12),"软件工程",75.5,"男"));
  add(new Student(184,"mouse",LocalDate.of(1999,12,7),"软件工程",91.5,"男"));
  }
 };

在筛选学生信息时，可以根据流式API来对数据进行筛选，截断以及排序等操作。使用Stream需要准备数据，再通过获取流、中间处理和结尾处理来实现。

//1.获取流
  Stream<Student> stream = list.stream();

  //2.中间处理
  Stream<String> names= stream.filter(s->Objects.equals(s.getSex(),"男"))//找到所有男生
  .filter(s->s.getScore() >=60) //分数超过60
                 .filter(s->"软件工程".equals(s.getMajor())) //专业
                 .distinct() //去除重复值
                 .sorted((s1,s2)->(int)(s1.getScore()-s2.getScore())) //根据分数从低到高排序
                 .map(s->s.getName())//对映射处理，去除name属性作为子集
                  .skip(2)//跳过的数据行数
                    .limit(4); //截取的数据行数
//3.结尾处理(输出只能有一个)
  //收集 将中间处理完之后符合要求的元素收集到指定的集合中
  List<String> listStu = names.collect(Collectors.toList());
  System.out.println(list);
  
  List<String> name= list.stream() //1.获取流
    .filter(s->Objects.equals(s.getSex(),"男")) //中间处理，过滤
       .filter(s->s.getScore() >=60) //分数超过60
             .distinct() //去除重复
             .sorted((s1,s2)->(int)(s1.getScore()-s2.getScore())) //根据分数从低到高排序
             .skip(2)//跳过的数据行数
             .limit(4) //截取的数据行数
       .map(s->s.getName()) //中间处理，映射（获取属性子集）
       .collect(Collectors.toList()); //尾部处理
 }
 }

通过对数据的中间处理，可以获取需要的信息数据，最后通过采集将数据放入指定集合中。