第二章 mysql编译安装

关闭防火墙和selinux

1、编译安装mysql5.7

1、清理安装环境：

 

# yum erase mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs mariadb-devel -y
# userdel -r mysql
# rm -rf /etc/my*
# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql

2、创建mysql用户

 

[root@mysql-server ~]# useradd -r mysql -M -s /bin/false

3、从官网下载tar包

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.27.tar.gz

4、安装编译工具

 

# yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel openssl-devel bison gcc gcc-c++ make
cmake:
# yum -y install cmake

5、创建mysql目录

 

[root@mysql-server ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/{data,mysql,log}

6、解压

 

[root@mysql-server ~]# tar xzvf mysql-boost-5.7.27.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
注:如果安装的MySQL5.7及以上的版本，在编译安装之前需要安装boost,因为高版本mysql需要boots库的安装才可以正常运行。否则会报CMake Error at cmake/boost.cmake:81错误
安装包里面自带boost包

7、编译安装

 

cd 解压的mysql目录
[root@mysql-server ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql-5.7.27/
[root@mysql-server mysql-5.7.27]#cmake . \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost/boost_1_59_0/ \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=/usr/share/man \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

提示：boost也可以使用如下指令自动下载，如果不下载bost压缩包，把下面的这一条添加到配置中第二行
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1/
参数详解:
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \   安装目录
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \   配置文件存放 （默认可以不安装配置文件）
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \   数据目录   错误日志文件也会在这个目录
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=/usr/share/man \     帮助文档 
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \     默认端口
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \  sock文件位置，用来做网络通信的，客户端连接服务器的时候用
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \    默认字符集。字符集的支持，可以调
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \   扩展的字符集支持所有的
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \  支持的
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \    上下翻历史命令
-DWITH_SSL=system \    使用私钥和证书登陆（公钥）  可以加密。 适用与长连接。坏处：速度慢
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \   嵌入式数据库
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \    从本地倒入数据，不是备份和恢复。
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  默认的存储引擎，支持外键

image.png

 

[root@mysql-server mysql-5.7.27]# make && make install
如果安装出错，想重新安装：
    不用重新解压，只需要删除安装目录中的缓存文件CMakeCache.txt

image.png

需要很长时间！大约半小时

8、初始化

 

[root@mysql-server mysql-5.7.27]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql-server mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql .
[root@mysql-server mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data     ---初始化完成之后，一定要记住提示最后的密码用于登陆或者修改密码

image.png

 

初始化,只需要初始化一次

 

[root@mysql-server ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf    ---添加如下内容
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql     #指定安装目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data  #指定数据存放目录

image.png

 

9、启动mysql

 

[root@mysql-server ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql-server mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

10、登录mysql

 

[root@mysql-server mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'GP9TKGgY9i/8'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.27

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> exit

11、修改密码

 

[root@mysql-server mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p'GP9TKGgY9i/8'  password 'QianFeng@123'
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

12、添加环境变量

 

[root@mysql-server mysql]# vim /etc/profile    ---添加如下
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@mysql-server mysql]# source /etc/profile
之后就可以在任何地方使用mysql命令登陆Mysql服务器：
[root@mysql-server mysql]# mysql -uroot -p'QianFeng@123'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.27 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>exit

13、配置mysqld服务的管理工具：

 

[root@mysql-server mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
[root@mysql-server support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@mysql-server support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@mysql-server support-files]# chkconfig mysqld on
先将原来的进程杀掉
[root@mysql-server ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@mysql-server ~]# netstat -lntp 
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1087/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1087/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      31249/mysqld        
[root@mysql-server ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop

数据库编译安装完成.