CentOS安装Oracle全过程

1.准备工作

（1）安装Java环境

（2）增大SWAP空间
1.1 切换为root用户
1.2 dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swap bs=1024 count=204800
1.3 /sbin/mkswap /home/swap
1.4 /sbin/swapon /home/swap
1.5 free -m
1.6 vi /etc/fstab
添加 /home/swap swap swap defaults 0 0
1.7 reboot
1.8 free -m

（3）安装unzip
yum install -y unzip zip

2.设置host密码：Aaa111111

3.修改/etc/hosts
加入以下行
#网络ip地址 主机名
172.17.13.162 izuf69da3tynv5qicenajwz

4.修改/etc/sysctl.conf

添加或修改以下行
fs.suid_dumpable = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
#semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048586
（kernel.shmmax可以取物理内存-1byte 210241024*1024-1=2147483647）

5.使参数生效
/sbin/sysctl -p

6.限制oracle用户的shell权限
vim /etc/security/limits.conf

添加如下内容
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

7.vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required pam_limits.so

8.vim /etc/profile

if [ $USER = “oracle” ]; then
if [ $SHELL = “/bin/ksh” ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

9.安装依赖包
yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc+±33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel expat gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc+±devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel

pdksh比较特殊，这么着安不上
wget -O /tmp/pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm http://vault.centos.org/5.11/os/x86_64/CentOS/pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
进入/tmp/
rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm

10.创建新的组和用户
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
//设置密码
passwd oracle
//设置为oracle

11.创建安装相应的目录结构并给oracle用户赋予相应权限

递归创建命令 mkdir -p
chown -R oracle:oinstall /ifs/oracle
chmod -R 777 /ifs/oracle

12.进入安装包所在位置，将其解压（记得切换到oracle用户）
cd /ifs/oracle/

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

13.静默配置
vi /ifs/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=izuf69da3tynv5qicenajwz
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/ifs/oracle/home/oraInventory
ORACLE_HOME=/ifs/oracle/home/oracle_11g
ORACLE_BASE=/ifs/oracle/home
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=ora_11g
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=ora11g
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=Oracle11g
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/ifs/oracle/home/db_file
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

14.进入database目录开始安装
./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /ifs/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

15.切换回root用户运行这两个文件
sh /ifs/oracle/home/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
sh /ifs/oracle/home/oracle_11g/root.sh

14.配置oracle用户环境变量
vi /etc/profile

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=izuf69da3tynv5qicenajwz
ORACLE_BASE=/ifs/oracle/home
ORACLE_HOME=/ifs/oracle/home/oracle_11g
ORACLE_SID=ora11g
#PATH=.:$ORACL{E}_{H}OME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACL{E}_{H}OME/jdk/bin:$PATH
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
PATH=$ORACL{E}_{H}OME/bin:$PATH
export PATH
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID

配置完让其生效
source /etc/profile

18.切换到oracle用户

19.启动监听
lsnrctl start

20.以管理员身份进入数据库
sqlplus / as sysdba

21.startup

22.查看服务名:
show parameter service;

23.查看实例名:
select * from v$instance;

24.查看数据库名：
select name from v$database;

25.查看数据库用到几个表空间:
select distinct TABLESPACE_NAME from tabs;

参考博客：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38736612/article/details/83625524