zuul路由网关

zuul路由网关

1、概述

Zuul包含了对请求的路由和过滤的主要功能：

• 路由功能：
  主要负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务上，是实现外部访问入口的基础

• 过滤功能：
  负责对请求的处理过程进行干预，是实现请求校验、服务聚合等功能的基础

Zuul与Eureka进行整合，将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用，同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的信息，也即以后的微服务访问都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。

三大功能:代理、路由、过滤

2、路由基本配置

• 新建springcloud-study-zuul-gateway-9527模块
• pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-study</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.blj</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-study-zuul-gateway-9527</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.blj</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-study-api</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--zuul依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--Hystrix容错-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--热部署 修改后立即生效-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

• yml文件

server:
 port: 9527
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-study-zuul-gateway

eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: gateway-9572
    prefer-ip-address: true
  client:
    service-url:
      # 单机版配置defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka #设置与eureka server 交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖的地址
      #集群配置
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka/,http://localhost:7004/eureka/,http://localhost:7001/eureka/

info:
  app.name: springcloud-study-zuul-gateway
  company.name: www.blj.com
  build.artifactId: ${project.artifactId}
  build.version: ${project.version}

• hosts文件修改： 127.0.0.1 myzuul.com
• 主启动类

package com.blj.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ZuulGatewayApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ZuulGatewayApp.class,args);
    }
}

• 测试
  不启用路由：http://localhost:8001/dept/get/1
  启用路由：http://myzuul.com:9527/STUDY-SPRINGCLOUD-DEPT/dept/get/1

路由访问映射规则

• 修改yml，增加如下配置

zuul:
  routes:
    mydept.serviceId: STUDY-SPRINGCLOUD-DEPT
    mydept.path: /mydept/*

配置后，由：http://myzuul.com:9527/STUDY-SPRINGCLOUD-DEPT/dept/get/1

可变为：http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1

• 隐藏真实微服务名称

zuul:
  routes:
    mydept.serviceId: STUDY-SPRINGCLOUD-DEPT
    mydept.path: /mydept/*
   #多个用"*" ignored-services: "*"
  ignored-services: STUDY-SPRINGCLOUD-DEPT

• 设置统一公共前缀

zuul:
  routes:
    mydept.serviceId: STUDY-SPRINGCLOUD-DEPT
    mydept.path: /mydept/*
  #多个用"*" ignored-services: "*"
  ignored-services: STUDY-SPRINGCLOUD-DEPT
  #公共前缀
  prefix: /springcloud

配置统一公共前缀后，由：http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1

可变为：http://myzuul.com:9527/springcloud/mydept/dept/get/1