接下来编写代码：
//Java 16 中的 Record 对象，可以理解为有包含两个 final 属性（url 和 response）的类
static record URLData (URL url, byte[] response) { }
static List retrieveURLs(URL… urls) throws Exception {
//创建虚拟线程线程池
try (var executor = Executors.newVirtualThreadExecutor()) {
//生成读取对每个 url 执行 getURL 方法的任务
var tasks = Arrays.stream(urls)
.map(url -> (Callable)() -> getURL(url))
.toList();
//提交任务，等待并返回所有结果
return executor.submit(tasks)
.filter(Future::isCompletedNormally)
.map(Future::join)
.toList();
}
}
//读取url的内容
static URLData getURL(URL url) throws IOException {
try (InputStream in = url.openStream()) {
return new URLData(url, in.readAllBytes());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//访问 google，由于你懂得，会比较慢
List urlData = retrieveURLs(new URL(“https://www.google.com/”));
}
我们使用 retrieveURLs 访问谷歌，肯定会很慢，来保证能采集到堆栈。同时，不能用 jstack 采集堆栈（目前 jstack 采集不到虚拟线程堆栈，只能采集到承载线程的堆栈），需要用 jcmd 命令中的 JavaThread.dump 采集。同时，为了能采集到我们想要的堆栈，我们需要一些小操作。
首先，我们在 getURL(URL url) 方法的第一行打断点，debug 到这里暂停。然后执行命令：
jps
25496 LoomThreadMain
12512 Jps
jcmd 25496 JavaThread.dump threads.txt -overwrite
然后继续执行程序，再执行命令，采集虚拟线程执行 I/O 操作时候的堆栈：
jcmd 25496 JavaThread.dump threads2.txt -overwrite
我们查看threads.txt这个文件，其中我们关心的线程信息是：
“main” #1
java.base@17-loom/jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe.park(Native Method)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport.park(LockSupport.java:371)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue
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Node.block(LinkedTransferQueue.java:470) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.unmanagedBlock(ForkJoinPool.java:3470) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.managedBlock(ForkJoinPool.java:3441) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.awaitMatch(LinkedTransferQueue.java:669) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.xfer(LinkedTransferQueue.java:616) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.take(LinkedTransferQueue.java:1286) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ExecutorServiceHelper
Node.block(LinkedTransferQueue.java:470)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.unmanagedBlock(ForkJoinPool.java:3470)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.managedBlock(ForkJoinPool.java:3441)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.awaitMatch(LinkedTransferQueue.java:669)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.xfer(LinkedTransferQueue.java:616)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.take(LinkedTransferQueue.java:1286)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.ExecutorServiceHelperBlockingQueueSpliterator.tryAdvance(ExecutorServiceHelper.java:197)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.Spliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterator.java:326)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:484)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:550)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluateToArrayNode(AbstractPipeline.java:260)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.toArray(ReferencePipeline.java:616)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.toArray(ReferencePipeline.java:622)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.toList(ReferencePipeline.java:627)
app//com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.retrieveURLs(LoomThreadMain.java:43)
app//com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.main(LoomThreadMain.java:29)
“ForkJoinPool-1-worker-1” #27
java.base@17-loom/java.lang.Continuation.run(Continuation.java:300)
java.base@17-loom/java.lang.VirtualThread.runContinuation(VirtualThread.java:240)
java.base@17-loom/java.lang.VirtualThreadKaTeX parse error: Can't use function '$' in math mode at position 7: Lambda$̲25/0x0000000801…
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capture(ForkJoinTask.java:373) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool
capture(ForkJoinTask.java:373)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPoolWorkQueue.topLevelExec(ForkJoinPool.java:1177)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.scan(ForkJoinPool.java:1648)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1615)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:165)
“” #26 virtual
java.base/java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap.transfer(ConcurrentHashMap.java:2431)
java.base/java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap.addCount(ConcurrentHashMap.java:2354)
java.base/java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap.putVal(ConcurrentHashMap.java:1075)
java.base/java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap.putIfAbsent(ConcurrentHashMap.java:1541)
java.base/sun.util.locale.LocaleObjectCache.get(LocaleObjectCache.java:68)
java.base/java.util.Locale.getInstance(Locale.java:841)
java.base/java.util.Locale.forLanguageTag(Locale.java:1736)
java.base/sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleProviderAdapter.toLocaleArray(LocaleProviderAdapter.java:323)
java.base/sun.util.locale.provider.CalendarDataProviderImpl.getAvailableLocales(CalendarDataProviderImpl.java:63)
java.base/java.util.spi.LocaleServiceProvider.isSupportedLocale(LocaleServiceProvider.java:217)
java.base/sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleServiceProviderPool.findProviders(LocaleServiceProviderPool.java:306)
java.base/sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleServiceProviderPool.getLocalizedObjectImpl(LocaleServiceProviderPool.java:274)
java.base/sun.util.locale.provider.LocaleServiceProviderPool.getLocalizedObject(LocaleServiceProviderPool.java:256)
java.base/sun.util.locale.provider.CalendarDataUtility.retrieveFirstDayOfWeek(CalendarDataUtility.java:76)
java.base/java.util.Calendar.setWeekCountData(Calendar.java:3419)
java.base/java.util.Calendar.(Calendar.java:1612)
java.base/java.util.GregorianCalendar.(GregorianCalendar.java:738)
java.base/java.util.Calendar
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Builder.build(Calendar.java:1494) java.base/sun.util.locale.provider.CalendarProviderImpl.getInstance(CalendarProviderImpl.java:87) java.base/java.util.Calendar.createCalendar(Calendar.java:1697) java.base/java.util.Calendar.getInstance(Calendar.java:1661) java.base/java.text.SimpleDateFormat.initializeCalendar(SimpleDateFormat.java:680) java.base/java.text.SimpleDateFormat.<init>(SimpleDateFormat.java:624) java.base/java.text.SimpleDateFormat.<init>(SimpleDateFormat.java:603) java.base/sun.security.util.DisabledAlgorithmConstraints
Builder.build(Calendar.java:1494)java.base/sun.util.locale.provider.CalendarProviderImpl.getInstance(CalendarProviderImpl.java:87)java.base/java.util.Calendar.createCalendar(Calendar.java:1697)java.base/java.util.Calendar.getInstance(Calendar.java:1661)java.base/java.text.SimpleDateFormat.initializeCalendar(SimpleDateFormat.java:680)java.base/java.text.SimpleDateFormat.<init>(SimpleDateFormat.java:624)java.base/java.text.SimpleDateFormat.<init>(SimpleDateFormat.java:603)java.base/sun.security.util.DisabledAlgorithmConstraintsDenyAfterConstraint.(DisabledAlgorithmConstraints.java:695)
java.base/sun.security.util.DisabledAlgorithmConstraints
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Constraints.<init>(DisabledAlgorithmConstraints.java:424) java.base/sun.security.util.DisabledAlgorithmConstraints.<init>(DisabledAlgorithmConstraints.java:149) java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLAlgorithmConstraints.<clinit>(SSLAlgorithmConstraints.java:49) java.base/sun.security.ssl.ProtocolVersion.<init>(ProtocolVersion.java:158) java.base/sun.security.ssl.ProtocolVersion.<clinit>(ProtocolVersion.java:41) java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLContextImpl
Constraints.<init>(DisabledAlgorithmConstraints.java:424)java.base/sun.security.util.DisabledAlgorithmConstraints.<init>(DisabledAlgorithmConstraints.java:149)java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLAlgorithmConstraints.<clinit>(SSLAlgorithmConstraints.java:49)java.base/sun.security.ssl.ProtocolVersion.<init>(ProtocolVersion.java:158)java.base/sun.security.ssl.ProtocolVersion.<clinit>(ProtocolVersion.java:41)java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLContextImplAbstractTLSContext.(SSLContextImpl.java:539)
java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:375)
java.base/java.security.Provider
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Service.getImplClass(Provider.java:1937) java.base/java.security.Provider
Service.getImplClass(Provider.java:1937)java.base/java.security.ProviderService.getDefaultConstructor(Provider.java:1968)
java.base/java.security.Provider
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Service.newInstanceOf(Provider.java:1882) java.base/java.security.Provider
Service.newInstanceOf(Provider.java:1882)java.base/java.security.ProviderService.newInstanceUtil(Provider.java:1890)
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Service.newInstance(Provider.java:1865) java.base/sun.security.jca.GetInstance.getInstance(GetInstance.java:236) java.base/sun.security.jca.GetInstance.getInstance(GetInstance.java:164) java.base/javax.net.ssl.SSLContext.getInstance(SSLContext.java:184) java.base/javax.net.ssl.SSLContext.getDefault(SSLContext.java:110) java.base/javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.getDefault(SSLSocketFactory.java:83) java.base/javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection.getDefaultSSLSocketFactory(HttpsURLConnection.java:334) java.base/javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection.<init>(HttpsURLConnection.java:291) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.<init>(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:81) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.Handler.openConnection(Handler.java:62) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.Handler.openConnection(Handler.java:57) java.base/java.net.URL.openConnection(URL.java:1093) java.base/java.net.URL.openStream(URL.java:1159) com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.getURL(LoomThreadMain.java:48) com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.lambda
Service.newInstance(Provider.java:1865)java.base/sun.security.jca.GetInstance.getInstance(GetInstance.java:236)java.base/sun.security.jca.GetInstance.getInstance(GetInstance.java:164)java.base/javax.net.ssl.SSLContext.getInstance(SSLContext.java:184)java.base/javax.net.ssl.SSLContext.getDefault(SSLContext.java:110)java.base/javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.getDefault(SSLSocketFactory.java:83)java.base/javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection.getDefaultSSLSocketFactory(HttpsURLConnection.java:334)java.base/javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection.<init>(HttpsURLConnection.java:291)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.<init>(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:81)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.Handler.openConnection(Handler.java:62)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.Handler.openConnection(Handler.java:57)java.base/java.net.URL.openConnection(URL.java:1093)java.base/java.net.URL.openStream(URL.java:1159)com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.getURL(LoomThreadMain.java:48)com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.lambdaretrieveURLs
0
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0(LoomThreadMain.java:38) java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run
0(LoomThreadMain.java:38)java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run$
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capture(FutureTask.java:295) java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java) java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadExecutor
capture(FutureTask.java:295)java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java)java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadExecutorTaskRunner.run(ThreadExecutor.java:385)
java.base/java.lang.VirtualThread.run(VirtualThread.java:295)
java.base/java.lang.VirtualThread
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VThreadContinuation.lambda
VThreadContinuation.lambdanew$0(VirtualThread.java:172)
java.base/java.lang.Continuation.enter0(Continuation.java:372)
java.base/java.lang.Continuation.enter(Continuation.java:365)
其中 “” #26 virtual 是我们程序中创建的虚拟线程，并且通过堆栈中可以看出，虚拟线程还没有处于 I/O 操作。通过线程堆栈也可以看出，这个虚拟线程的承载线程是 “ForkJoinPool-1-worker-1” #27. 可以看出虚拟线程默认的承载线程是 Java 8 之后默认会启动的 common ForkJoinPool 中的线程。并且是通过 Continuation 这个类执行虚拟线程的工作的。
查看threads2.txt：
“main” #1
java.base@17-loom/jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe.park(Native Method)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport.park(LockSupport.java:371)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue
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Node.block(LinkedTransferQueue.java:470) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.unmanagedBlock(ForkJoinPool.java:3470) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.managedBlock(ForkJoinPool.java:3441) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.awaitMatch(LinkedTransferQueue.java:669) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.xfer(LinkedTransferQueue.java:616) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.take(LinkedTransferQueue.java:1286) java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ExecutorServiceHelper
Node.block(LinkedTransferQueue.java:470)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.unmanagedBlock(ForkJoinPool.java:3470)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.managedBlock(ForkJoinPool.java:3441)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.awaitMatch(LinkedTransferQueue.java:669)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.xfer(LinkedTransferQueue.java:616)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue.take(LinkedTransferQueue.java:1286)java.base@17−loom/java.util.concurrent.ExecutorServiceHelperBlockingQueueSpliterator.tryAdvance(ExecutorServiceHelper.java:197)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.Spliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterator.java:326)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:484)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:550)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluateToArrayNode(AbstractPipeline.java:260)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.toArray(ReferencePipeline.java:616)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.toArray(ReferencePipeline.java:622)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.toList(ReferencePipeline.java:627)
app//com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.retrieveURLs(LoomThreadMain.java:43)
app//com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.main(LoomThreadMain.java:29)
“ForkJoinPool-1-worker-1” #25
java.base@17-loom/jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe.park(Native Method)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport.parkUntil(LockSupport.java:449)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.awaitWork(ForkJoinPool.java:1719)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1616)
java.base@17-loom/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:165)
“Read-Poller” #41
java.base@17-loom/sun.nio.ch.WEPoll.wait(Native Method)
java.base@17-loom/sun.nio.ch.WEPollPoller.poll(WEPollPoller.java:64)
java.base@17-loom/sun.nio.ch.Poller.poll(Poller.java:196)
java.base@17-loom/sun.nio.ch.Poller.lambda$startPollerThread
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0(Poller.java:66) java.base@17-loom/sun.nio.ch.Poller
0(Poller.java:66)java.base@17−loom/sun.nio.ch.Poller$Lambda$89/0x00000008010e5168.run(Unknown Source)
java.base@17-loom/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1521)
java.base@17-loom/jdk.internal.misc.InnocuousThread.run(InnocuousThread.java:161)
“” #24 virtual
java.base/java.lang.Continuation.yield(Continuation.java:402)
java.base/java.lang.VirtualThread.yieldContinuation(VirtualThread.java:367)
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java.base/java.lang.System
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2.parkVirtualThread(System.java:2373) java.base/jdk.internal.misc.VirtualThreads.park(VirtualThreads.java:60) java.base/sun.nio.ch.NioSocketImpl.park(NioSocketImpl.java:184) java.base/sun.nio.ch.NioSocketImpl.park(NioSocketImpl.java:212) java.base/sun.nio.ch.NioSocketImpl.connect(NioSocketImpl.java:607) java.base/java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:331) java.base/java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:642) java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.connect(SSLSocketImpl.java:299) java.base/sun.security.ssl.BaseSSLSocketImpl.connect(BaseSSLSocketImpl.java:174) java.base/sun.net.NetworkClient.doConnect(NetworkClient.java:182) java.base/sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:497) java.base/sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:600) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.<init>(HttpsClient.java:266) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.New(HttpsClient.java:380) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.getNewHttpClient(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:189) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect0(HttpURLConnection.java:1232) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect(HttpURLConnection.java:1120) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:175) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream0(HttpURLConnection.java:1653) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1577) java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:224) java.base/java.net.URL.openStream(URL.java:1159) com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.getURL(LoomThreadMain.java:48) com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.lambda
2.parkVirtualThread(System.java:2373)java.base/jdk.internal.misc.VirtualThreads.park(VirtualThreads.java:60)java.base/sun.nio.ch.NioSocketImpl.park(NioSocketImpl.java:184)java.base/sun.nio.ch.NioSocketImpl.park(NioSocketImpl.java:212)java.base/sun.nio.ch.NioSocketImpl.connect(NioSocketImpl.java:607)java.base/java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:331)java.base/java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:642)java.base/sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.connect(SSLSocketImpl.java:299)java.base/sun.security.ssl.BaseSSLSocketImpl.connect(BaseSSLSocketImpl.java:174)java.base/sun.net.NetworkClient.doConnect(NetworkClient.java:182)java.base/sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:497)java.base/sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:600)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.<init>(HttpsClient.java:266)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.New(HttpsClient.java:380)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.getNewHttpClient(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:189)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect0(HttpURLConnection.java:1232)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect(HttpURLConnection.java:1120)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:175)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream0(HttpURLConnection.java:1653)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1577)java.base/sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:224)java.base/java.net.URL.openStream(URL.java:1159)com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.getURL(LoomThreadMain.java:48)com.github.hashjang.LoomThreadMain.lambdaretrieveURLs
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0(LoomThreadMain.java:38) java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:295) java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadExecutor
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通过这里的线程堆栈可以看出，虚拟线程在执行 I/O 操作的时候，会调用 java.lang.Continuation.yield 让出承载线程的资源（相当于 park 住了）。查看原来的承载线程 “ForkJoinPool-1-worker-1” #25，确实处于空闲状态了。那么 I/O 操作去哪里了呢？这就引出了这个线程 “Read-Poller” #41。
这个线程是一个 JVM 共用的 read poller。它的核心逻辑是执行一个基本事件循环，监听所有的同步网络 read（网络读就绪），connect（发起网络连接就绪） 和 accept（接受网络连接就绪） 操作。当这些 I/O 操作就绪的时候，poller 会被通知，并且 unpark 对应的虚拟线程，使得虚拟线程继续执行。同时，除了 read poller，还有一个用于写事件的 write poller。
我是使用 Windows 进行测试的，在 Windows 中 poller
底层实现基于 wepoll，所以我们看到堆栈里面包含 WEPoll。对于 MacOS 则是 kqueue，对于 Linux 则是 epoll
poller 维护一个以虚拟线程的文件描述符为 key 的 map。当一个虚拟线程并将它的文件描述符注册到 poller 上的时候，会以虚拟线程的文件描述符为 key，虚拟线程本身为 value 放入这个 map。当 poller 的事件循环中的相关事件就绪的时候，通过事件中的虚拟线程文件描述符在 map 中找到对应的虚拟线程 unpark 之。
伸缩扩展性
如果简单来看，上面的设计与使用 NIO Channel 和 Selector 并没有太大的不同，NIO Channel 和 Selector 可以在许多服务器端框架和库中找到，例如 Netty。但是相对来说，NIO Channel 和 Selector 提供了一个更复杂的模型，用户代码必须实现事件循环并跨 I/O 边界维护应用程序逻辑，而虚拟线程则提供了一个更简单、更直观的编程模型，Java 平台负责跨 I/O 边界调度任务和维护对应的上下文。
如前文我们看到的那样，虚拟线程默认的承载线程就是 ForkJoinPool。这是一个非常适合虚拟线程的线程池，工作窃取算法能极致的调度运行虚拟线程。
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