一、响应之返回值是String类型
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/testString")
public String testString(Model model) {
System.out.println("testString方法执行了..");
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("张三");
user.setPassword("123");
user.setAge(20);
model.addAttribute("user",user);
return "success";
}
return "success"后会去springmvc.xml中调用视图解析器对象,从而得到该路径下的success.jsp文件
<!--视图解析器对象-->
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
二、响应之返回值是void类型
@RequestMapping("/testVoid")
public void testVoid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
System.out.println("testVoid");
//编写请求转发的程序
//request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp").forward(request,response);
//重定向
//response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");
//设置中文乱码
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
//直接会进行响应
response.getWriter().print("你好");
return;
}
void类型没有返回值,因此只能用request,response对象进行页面跳转
三、响应之返回值是ModelAndView类型
/*
* 返回ModelAndView
* */
@RequestMapping("/testModelandView")
public ModelAndView testModelandView() {
System.out.println("执行了......");
//创建ModelAndView对象
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("张三");
user.setPassword("123");
user.setAge(20);
//把user对象存储到mv对象中,也会把user对象存到request对象
mv.addObject("user",user);
//跳转到哪个页面 会调用视图解析器
mv.setViewName("success");
return mv;
}
ModelAndView包含了ModelMap属性,ModelMap实现了Model接口
ModelAndView对象的addObject(key,value)方法可以实现将值保存到request对象
//跳转到哪个页面 会调用视图解析器
mv.setViewName(“success”);与return "success"类似
四、响应之使用forward和redirect进行页面跳转
适用于在没有配置视图解析器的情况下使用
@RequestMapping("testForwardOrRedirect")
public String testForwardOrRedirect() {
System.out.println("ForwardOrRedirect方法执行了..");
//请求的转发
// return "forward:/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp";
//重定向
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
五、响应json之响应json格式的字符串
json字符串和JavaBean对象互相转换的过程中,需要使用jackson的jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
response.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Gyf
Date: 2021/3/15
Time: 9:28
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
<script src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(function() {
$("#btn").click(function (){
//发送ajax请求
$.ajax({
//编写json格式,设置属性和值
url:"user/testAjax",
contentType:"application/json;charset=UTF-8",
data:'{"username":"hehe","password":"123","age":30}',
dataType:"json",
type:"post",
success:res=>{
console.log(res)
},
fail:err=>{
console.log(err)
}
})
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button id="btn">发送ajax请求</button>
</body>
</html>
jsp使用较少,主要来用于后端的测试,测试ajax将json数据传到后台UserController.java
url路径:路径
url:"user/testAjax"
UserController .java
package cn.itcast.controller;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.annotation.Resources;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
/*
* 模拟异步请求响应过程
* */
@RequestMapping("testAjax")
public @ResponseBody
User testAjax(@RequestBody User user) {
System.out.println("testAjax执行了...");
//客户端发送ajax的请求,传的是json字符串,后端把json字符串封装到user对象中
System.out.println(user);
//做响应,模拟查询数据库
user.setUsername("haha");
user.setAge(40);
return user;
}
}
json转为javabean对象,需加@RequestBody注解
javabean对象(javabean)转json字符串,需加@ResponseBody注解