python--元组和字典的基本操作

元组
Python的元组与列表类似，不同之处在于元组的元素不能修改。元组使用小括号，列表使用方括号。
格式：变量名=(,)
定义：aTuple=(23,35,56,34,11,21)
访问元组

atuple = (12,23,34,56,67,78)
# 通过索引值取数据
# 索引值存在---输出对应的数据
print(atuple[2])

# 索引值不存在的情况--报错
print(atuple[10])

查询个数

atuple = ("a","b","c","d","e","aa","a","c")
# count查询出现的个数
print(atuple.count("a"))

查询索引

atuple = ("a","b","c","d","e","aa","a","c")
# index：查询元素的索引，有对应的元素返回对应的索引，否则报错
print(atuple.index("a",0,7))

print(atuple.index("a",1,5))

修改数据(不能修改)
因为元组是不可变的所以不允许修改

类型转换
列表转换元组

# 列表转换元组
t = [12,1,45]
tuple(t)
print(type(t))

# 元组转换列表
a = (12,45)
list(a)
print(type(a))

元组的循环取值

# 方式一：for
atuple = ("a","b","c","d","e","aa","a","c")
for i in atuple:
    print(i)

# 方式二：while
j = 0
while j< len(atuple):
    print(atuple[j])
    j+=1

字典

字典的每个元素由2部分组成，键（key）:值（value）
格式：变量名={key1:value,key2:value,}
案例：info = {“name”:“jack”,“age”:12,“sex”:“男”}

# 根据键访问值
hh = {"name":"小田","age":"19","addr":"河南省"}
print(hh["name"])

修改元素

hh = {"name":"小田","age":"19","addr":"河南省"}
# print(hh["name"])
hh["age"]=11
print(hh)

添加元素

hh = {"name":"小田","age":"19","addr":"河南省"}
hh["aihao"]="吃零食"
print(hh)

删除元素

hh = {"name":"小田","age":"19","addr":"河南省"}
del hh["age"]
print(hh)

clear清空

hh = {"name":"小田","age":"19","addr":"河南省"}
hh.clear()
print(hh)

查询长度

hh = {"name":"小田","age":"19","addr":"河南省"}
print(len(hh))

字典中循环
取出字典中的key

hh = {"name":"小田","age":"19","addr":"河南省"}
for i in hh:
    print(i)

取出字典中的value

hh = {"name":"小田","age":"19","addr":"河南省"}
for i in hh.values():
    print(i)

取出字典中的key和value
方法一

hh = {"name":"小田","age":"19","addr":"河南省"}
for i in hh.keys():
    print(i,hh[i])

方法二

hh = {"name":"小田","age":"19","addr":"河南省"}
for i,j in hh.items():
    print(i,j)