C++的TCHAR字符串和char字符串互转

C++的TCHAR字符串和char字符串互转

下面用一个例子来演示一下TCHAR和char字符串的互转，主要用到两个函数WideCharToMultiByte和MultiByteToWideChar。
观察下这两个函数，WideChar表示宽字节的字符串，MultiByte表示窄字节的字符串，TCHAR是宽字节，char是窄字节，所以TCHAR到char用WideCharToMultiByte函数，反之则用MultiByteToWideChar函数。
如下所示，将TCHAR的字符串转化为char，第一次调用返回一个字符串的长度，这个长度是变换后新的字符串所占的需要的内存空间的长度，第二次调用则是将字符串进行转化。

TCHAR *a = _TEXT("txt,txt,t")；
//返回字符串的长度
int size = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, a, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, false);
//申请一个多字节的字符串变量
char* str = new char[sizeof(char) * size];
//将STR转成str
WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, a, -1, str, size, NULL, false);

如下所示，将char转换为TCHAR，同上。

//返回字符串的长度
int T_sizey = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, ftostry, -1, NULL, 0);
//申请一个多字节的字符串变量
TCHAR *stry = new TCHAR[sizeof(wchar_t) * T_sizey];
MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, ftostry, -1, stry, T_sizey);

下面是完成的代码，实现了一个输入TCHAR的字符串作为文件路径，然后解析为char，再将文件内的内容从float转换char再转换为TCHAR字符串并返回的过程

#include <iostream>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <string>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <atlconv.h>
#include <fstream>


float path_x[301], path_y[301];

//读取txt文件中的路径数据
bool getPathData(char *pathname) {
	std::ifstream openfile;
	//打开文件
	openfile.open(pathname);
	char line[80];
	int i = 0;
	//获取每一行数据
	while (openfile.getline(line, 80))
	{
		char *p, *p1, *p2;
		char *buf;
		//用逗号分离x-y的坐标
		p = strtok_s(line, ",", &buf);
		p1 = p;
		p = strtok_s(NULL, ",", &buf);
		p2 = p;
		//char*转换为float
		float f1 = atof(p1);
		float f2 = atof(p2);
		//将float类型的轨迹数据存入数组
		path_x[i] = f1;
		path_y[i] = f2;
		i++;
	}
	openfile.close();
	return true;
}

TCHAR* test(TCHAR *a) {
	//返回字符串的长度
	int size = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, a, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, false);
	//申请一个多字节的字符串变量
	char* str = new char[sizeof(char) * size];
	//将STR转成str
	WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, a, -1, str, size, NULL, false);
	std::cout << str << std::endl;

char *pathname;
char *anglename;
char *steername;
char *p;
char *buf;
//用逗号分离路径
p = strtok_s(str, ",", &buf);
pathname = p;
std::cout << pathname << std::endl;
p = strtok_s(NULL, ",", &buf);
anglename = p;
std::cout << anglename << std::endl;
p = strtok_s(NULL, ",", &buf);
steername = p;
std::cout << steername << std::endl;

int dataSize = 6 * 200 + 2 * 2;
TCHAR *reData = new TCHAR[dataSize + 1];
reData[0] = _T('\0');
getPathData(pathname);

wcscat(reData, _TEXT("1,"));
wcscat(reData, _TEXT("2,"));
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
	//std::cout << path_x[i] << "," << path_y[i] << std::endl;

	char ftostrx[7] = { "\0" };
	_gcvt(path_x[i], 4, ftostrx);
	char sepx[] = ",";
	strcat(ftostrx, sepx);
	//std::cout << ftostrx << std::endl;
	int T_sizex = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, ftostrx, -1, NULL, 0);
	//std::cout << T_sizex << std::endl;
	TCHAR *strx = new TCHAR[sizeof(wchar_t) * T_sizex];
	MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, ftostrx, -1, strx, T_sizex);
	//std::wcout << strx << std::endl;
	wcscat(reData, strx);

	char ftostry[7] = { "\0" };
	_gcvt(path_y[i], 4, ftostry);
	char sepy[] = ",";
	strcat(ftostry, sepy);
	//std::cout << ftostry << std::endl;
	int T_sizey = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, ftostry, -1, NULL, 0);
	//std::cout << T_sizey << std::endl;
	TCHAR *stry = new TCHAR[sizeof(wchar_t) * T_sizey];
	MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, ftostry, -1, stry, T_sizey);
	std::wcout << stry << std::endl;
	wcscat(reData, stry);

}
std::cout << wcslen(reData) << std::endl;
std::wcout << reData << std::endl;
return reData;
}

int main()
{
	TCHAR a1[] = _TEXT("E:\\python\\python\\2021\\202105\\2105131\\path_data.txt,E:\\python\\python\\2021\\202105\\2105131\\cars_angle.txt,E:\\python\\python\\2021\\202105\\2105131\\steer_angle.txt");
	TCHAR *a = a1;
	TCHAR* c = test(a);
    std::cout << "Hello World!\n";
	
}