Python递归函数和高级函数（map、reduce、filter）及字符串转int、float

一、递归函数

1.1~100的和

def get_data(n):
    if n==1:
        return 1
    else:
        return n+get_data(n-1) #100、99、98....1

print(get_data(100))
结果：5050

2.1~100偶数的和

def get_data(n):
    if n%2==1:   #可以把99处理成偶数，奇数的话就减1
        n = n-1
    if n==0:
        return 0
    else:
        return n+get_data(n-2)

print(get_data(99))
结果：2450
print(sum(range(2,99,2)))
结果：2450

二、高级函数（map、reduce、filter）

1.求列表里面每个值的平方map

def get_data(x):
    return x**2
lists = [2,3,4]
print(list(map(get_data,lists)))
#结果：[4, 9, 16]

2.reduce(累加的方法）可以联想到斐波那契数列

lists = [2,3,4]
print(lists)
def data_add(x,y):
    return x+y
from functools import reduce
last = reduce(data_add,lists)
print(last)
结果：9
x   y     x     y
2   3     5     4      9

1.用reduce求1~100的和

lists = [x for x in range(101)]
print(lists)
def data_add(x,y):
    return x+y
from functools import reduce
last = reduce(data_add,lists)
print(last)
结果：5050

3.把字符串数字转成整型数字，实现int功能，可以用map()函数和reduce()函数

strs = '18514203544'
print(int(strs),type(int(strs)))

方法一

#方法一
from functools import reduce
def get_num(n):
    dicts = {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4, '5': 5, '6': 6, '7': 7, '8': 8, '9': 9}
    return dicts[n]

def get_result(x,y):
    return x*10+y

def int1(strs):
    data = list(map(get_num,strs))
    result = reduce(get_result,data)
    return result

print(int1('23456789'))
结果：23456789

方法二

#方法二
from functools import reduce
def get_num(n):
    dicts = {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4, '5': 5, '6': 6, '7': 7, '8': 8, '9': 9}
    return dicts[n]

def get_result(x,y):
    return x*10+y

def int1(strs):
    data = list(map(get_num, strs))
    result = reduce(get_result, data)
    return result

print(int1('185142035434'))

结果：185142035434

4.把字符串数字转成浮点型数字，实现int功能，可以用map()函数和reduce()函数

方法一

分析
# 1 8 5 1 4 2 0...
#
# 1*10+8 =18
# 18*10+5 = 185
# 185*10+1 1851

#方法一
from functools import reduce
def get_num(n):
    dicts = {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4, '5': 5, '6': 6, '7': 7, '8': 8, '9': 9}
    return dicts[n]

def get_result(x,y):
    return x*10+y

def float1(strs):
    data = list(map(get_num,strs))
    result = reduce(get_result,data)
    return result

from decimal import Decimal    #Decimal可以精确计算

strs = '1234.890'
data = strs.replace('.','')
dian_index = strs.find('.')
chazhi = 10**(len(data)-dian_index)
print(Decimal(float1(data))/chazhi)
结果：1234.89

方法二

#方法二
from functools import reduce

def get_num(n):
    dicts = {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4, '5': 5, '6': 6, '7': 7, '8': 8, '9': 9}
    return dicts[n]

def get_result(x,y):
    return x*10+y

def int1(strs):
    data = list(map(get_num,strs))
    result = reduce(get_result,data)
    return result

from decimal import Decimal  ##使结果更加精准

strs = '1234.890'
data = strs.replace('.','')
dian_index = strs.find('.')
chazhi = 10**(len(data)-dian_index)
print(Decimal(int1(data))/chazhi)

结果：1234.89

方法三

方法三
根据小数点把浮点数分成两半分别计算
from functools import reduce
from decimal import Decimal      #使结果更加精准

def get_num(n):
    dicts = {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4, '5': 5, '6': 6, '7': 7, '8': 8, '9': 9}
    return dicts[n]

def get_result(x,y):
    return x*10+y

def float1(strs):
    data = list(map(get_num, strs))
    result = reduce(get_result, data)
    return result


dicts = {'0': 0, '1': 1, '2': 2, '3': 3, '4': 4, '5': 5, '6': 6, '7': 7, '8': 8, '9': 9}
strs = '183243242.3545645654654'
i = strs.split('.')[0]       #根据小数点把浮点数分成两半分别计算
f = strs.split('.')[1]
print(i,f)
def get_data(x,y):
    return x*0.1+y
last = reduce(get_data,map(get_num,f[::-1]))
print(float1(i)+Decimal(last)/10)

结果：
183243242 3545645654654
183243242.3545645654653999834

分析
# 4564565465453
# 5.4
# 5.3
# 4.53