SpringMVC 拦截器

1、拦截器的作用

     当发送一个请求的过程中，拦截器可以将请求拦截，然后进行相应的处理后继续工作；

2、配置一个SpringMVC中拦截器

    （1）创建一个类使其实现org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor接口，并且实现其中三个方法-->preHandle、postHandle、afterCompletion方法，其中拦截器的格式如下所示：

package com.jd.interceptor;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public class Interceptor implements HandlerInterceptor{
	public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
			throws Exception {
		System.out.println("preHandle");
	}

	public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
			ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("postHandle");
	}
	public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
			throws Exception {
		System.out.println("afterCompletion");
	}
}

    （2）在spring配置文件中添加：

<mvc:interceptors>
		<bean class="com.jd.interceptor.AccountInterceptor"></bean>
</mvc:interceptors>

    意味着创建了一个相应的拦截器，次拦截器拦截所有请求

    若是想要指定拦截特殊请求：

<mvc:interceptors>
	<mvc:interceptor>
		<mvc:mapping path="/userinfo/*"/>
		<bean class="com.jd.interceptor.Interceptor"></bean>
	</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

标签：mvc:mapping及时指定相应的请求，mvc:exclude-mapping指定不拦截那些请求

3、preHandle、postHandle、afterCompletion方法方法的用途：

    preHandle方法，这是较为重要的，其返回值为boolean类型的变量，当请求执行转求到DispatcherServlet服务器上时，会执行service -->doGet-->doService-->doDispatch(在其中962行代码中存mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)代码)

boolean applyPreHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
		if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
			for (int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; i++) {
				HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
				if (!interceptor.preHandle(request, response, this.handler)) {
					triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
					return false;
				}
				this.interceptorIndex = i;
			}
		}
		return true;
	}

   可以看出两点：

   1、代码是在处理目标方法之前完成的 

   2、当返回值为false时意味着截止请求，此时不会后续操作

该方法的作用常常用于实现权限

    postHandle方法在dispatch方法的第974行，mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv)：

void applyPostHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, ModelAndView mv) throws Exception {
		HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
		if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
			for (int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
				HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
				interceptor.postHandle(request, response, this.handler, mv);
			}
		}
	}

    此方法是handdler方法体操作完成后执行的代码：常用于常用于对请求域中的属性或视图做出修改

afterCompletion方法：

    位于Dispatch中的（processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException)[984行]）的（mappedHandler.triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null)[1059行]）

void triggerAfterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Exception ex)
			throws Exception {

		HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
		if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
			for (int i = this.interceptorIndex; i >= 0; i--) {
				HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
				try {
					interceptor.afterCompletion(request, response, this.handler, ex);
				}
				catch (Throwable ex2) {
					logger.error("HandlerInterceptor.afterCompletion threw exception", ex2);
				}
			}
		}
	}

    作用：常释放资源