目录
简介
概念:zookeeper是一个分布式应用程序的协调服务。
作用:配置管理、分布式锁、集群管理
Zookeeper命令操作
zookeeper数据模型介绍:
zookeeper是一个树形数据结构。每一个节点被称为 ZNode,每个节点会保存自己的数据和节点信息,并允许少量的数据存储到节点下。
节点分为四类:
- persistent 持久化节点
- ephemeral 临时节点:-e
- persistent_sequential 持久化顺序节点:-s
- ephemeral_sequentia 临时顺序节点: -es
Zookeeper服务端命令
- 启动 ZooKeeper 服务: ./zkServer.sh start
- 查看 ZooKeeper 服务状态: ./zkServer.sh status
- 停止 ZooKeeper 服务: ./zkServer.sh stop
- 重启 ZooKeeper 服务: ./zkServer.sh restart
Zookeeper客户端命令
- 连接服务端命令 ./zkCli.sh -server ip:port
- 断开连接命令 quit
- 查看命令帮助 help
- 显示指定目录下节点 ls 目录
- 创建节点 create /节点path value
- 删除节点 delete /节点path
- 删除带有子节点的节点 deleteall /节点path
- 设置节点值 set /节点path value
- 创建临时节点 create -e /节点path
- 创建顺序节点 create -s /节点path
- 创建临时顺序节点 create -es /节点path
- 查看节点详细信息 ls -s /节点path
Curator
curator是 Apache XooKeeper的java客户端库。
curator api操作
public class CuratorTest {
private CuratorFramework client;
/**
* 建立连接
*/
@Before//注解是一个 JUnit 注解,用于指示应在测试类中的每个测试方法之前执行带注解的方法。换句话说,该方法将在类中的每个测试方法之前运行。@Before
public void testConnect() {
/*
*
* @param connectString 连接字符串。zk server 地址和端口 "192.168.149.135:2181,192.168.149.136:2181"
* @param sessionTimeoutMs 会话超时时间 单位ms
* @param connectionTimeoutMs 连接超时时间 单位ms
* @param retryPolicy 重试策略
*/
/* //重试策略
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000,10);
//1.第一种方式
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient("192.168.149.135:2181",
60 * 1000, 15 * 1000, retryPolicy);*/
//重试策略
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
//2.第二种方式
//CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
.connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
.retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
.namespace("itheima")
.build();
//开启连接
client.start();
}
//==============================create=============================================================================
/**
* 创建节点:create 持久 临时 顺序 数据
* 1. 基本创建 :create().forPath("")
* 2. 创建节点 带有数据:create().forPath("",data)
* 3. 设置节点的类型:create().withMode().forPath("",data)
* 4. 创建多级节点 /app1/p1 :create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().forPath("",data)
*/
@Test
public void testCreate() throws Exception {
//2. 创建节点 带有数据
//如果创建节点,没有指定数据,则默认将当前客户端的ip作为数据存储
String path = client.create().forPath("/app2", "hehe".getBytes());
System.out.println(path);
}
@Test
public void testCreate2() throws Exception {
//1. 基本创建
//如果创建节点,没有指定数据,则默认将当前客户端的ip作为数据存储
String path = client.create().forPath("/app1");
System.out.println(path);
}
@Test
public void testCreate3() throws Exception {
//3. 设置节点的类型
//默认类型:持久化
String path = client.create().withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL).forPath("/app3");
System.out.println(path);
}
@Test
public void testCreate4() throws Exception {
//4. 创建多级节点 /app1/p1
//creatingParentsIfNeeded():如果父节点不存在,则创建父节点
String path = client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().forPath("/app4/p1");
System.out.println(path);
}
//===========================get================================================================================
/**
* 查询节点:
* 1. 查询数据:get: getData().forPath()
* 2. 查询子节点: ls: getChildren().forPath()
* 3. 查询节点状态信息:ls -s:getData().storingStatIn(状态对象).forPath()
*/
@Test
public void testGet1() throws Exception {
//1. 查询数据:get
byte[] data = client.getData().forPath("/app1");
System.out.println(new String(data));
}
@Test
public void testGet2() throws Exception {
// 2. 查询子节点: ls
List<String> path = client.getChildren().forPath("/");
System.out.println(path);
}
@Test
public void testGet3() throws Exception {
Stat status = new Stat();
System.out.println(status);
//3. 查询节点状态信息:ls -s
client.getData().storingStatIn(status).forPath("/app1");
System.out.println(status);
}
//===========================set================================================================================
/**
* 修改数据
* 1. 基本修改数据:setData().forPath()
* 2. 根据版本修改: setData().withVersion().forPath()
* * version 是通过查询出来的。目的就是为了让其他客户端或者线程不干扰我。
*
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testSet() throws Exception {
client.setData().forPath("/app1", "itcast".getBytes());
}
@Test
public void testSetForVersion() throws Exception {
Stat status = new Stat();
//3. 查询节点状态信息:ls -s
client.getData().storingStatIn(status).forPath("/app1");
int version = status.getVersion();//查询出来的 3
System.out.println(version);
client.setData().withVersion(version).forPath("/app1", "hehe".getBytes());
}
//===========================delete================================================================================
/**
* 删除节点: delete deleteall
* 1. 删除单个节点:delete().forPath("/app1");
* 2. 删除带有子节点的节点:delete().deletingChildrenIfNeeded().forPath("/app1");
* 3. 必须成功的删除:为了防止网络抖动。本质就是重试。 client.delete().guaranteed().forPath("/app2");
* 4. 回调:inBackground
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testDelete() throws Exception {
// 1. 删除单个节点
client.delete().forPath("/app1");
}
@Test
public void testDelete2() throws Exception {
//2. 删除带有子节点的节点
client.delete().deletingChildrenIfNeeded().forPath("/app4");
}
@Test
public void testDelete3() throws Exception {
//3. 必须成功的删除
client.delete().guaranteed().forPath("/app2");
}
@Test
public void testDelete4() throws Exception {
//4. 回调
client.delete().guaranteed().inBackground(new BackgroundCallback(){
@Override
public void processResult(CuratorFramework client, CuratorEvent event) throws Exception {
System.out.println("我被删除了~");
System.out.println(event);
}
}).forPath("/app1");
}
@After
public void close() {
if (client != null) {
client.close();
}
}
}
Watch事件监听
public class CuratorWatcherTest {
private CuratorFramework client;
/**
* 建立连接
*/
@Before
public void testConnect() {
/*
*
* @param connectString 连接字符串。zk server 地址和端口 "192.168.149.135:2181,192.168.149.136:2181"
* @param sessionTimeoutMs 会话超时时间 单位ms
* @param connectionTimeoutMs 连接超时时间 单位ms
* @param retryPolicy 重试策略
*/
/* //重试策略
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000,10);
//1.第一种方式
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient("192.168.149.135:2181",
60 * 1000, 15 * 1000, retryPolicy);*/
//重试策略
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
//2.第二种方式
//CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
.connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
.retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
.namespace("itheima")
.build();
//开启连接
client.start();
}
@After
public void close() {
if (client != null) {
client.close();
}
}
/**
* 演示 NodeCache:给指定一个节点注册监听器
*/
@Test
public void testNodeCache() throws Exception {
//1. 创建NodeCache对象
final NodeCache nodeCache = new NodeCache(client,"/app1");
//2. 注册监听
nodeCache.getListenable().addListener(new NodeCacheListener() {
@Override
public void nodeChanged() throws Exception {
System.out.println("节点变化了~");
//获取修改节点后的数据
byte[] data = nodeCache.getCurrentData().getData();
System.out.println(new String(data));
}
});
//3. 开启监听.如果设置为true,则开启监听是,加载缓冲数据
nodeCache.start(true);
while (true){
}
}
/**
* 演示 PathChildrenCache:监听某个节点的所有子节点们
*/
@Test
public void testPathChildrenCache() throws Exception {
//1.创建监听对象
PathChildrenCache pathChildrenCache = new PathChildrenCache(client,"/app2",true);
//2. 绑定监听器
pathChildrenCache.getListenable().addListener(new PathChildrenCacheListener() {
@Override
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, PathChildrenCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
System.out.println("子节点变化了~");
System.out.println(event);
//监听子节点的数据变更,并且拿到变更后的数据
//1.获取类型
PathChildrenCacheEvent.Type type = event.getType();
//2.判断类型是否是update
if(type.equals(PathChildrenCacheEvent.Type.CHILD_UPDATED)){
System.out.println("数据变了!!!");
byte[] data = event.getData().getData();
System.out.println(new String(data));
}
}
});
//3. 开启
pathChildrenCache.start();
while (true){
}
}
/**
* 演示 TreeCache:监听某个节点自己和所有子节点们
*/
@Test
public void testTreeCache() throws Exception {
//1. 创建监听器
TreeCache treeCache = new TreeCache(client,"/app2");
//2. 注册监听
treeCache.getListenable().addListener(new TreeCacheListener() {
@Override
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, TreeCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
System.out.println("节点变化了");
System.out.println(event);
}
});
//3. 开启
treeCache.start();
while (true){
}
}
}
ZooKeeper分布式锁原理
public class Ticket12306 implements Runnable{
private int tickets = 10;//数据库的票数
private InterProcessMutex lock ;
public Ticket12306(){
//重试策略
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
//2.第二种方式
//CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
.connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
.retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
.build();
//开启连接
client.start();
lock = new InterProcessMutex(client,"/lock");
}
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
//获取锁
try {
lock.acquire(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
if(tickets > 0){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread()+":"+tickets);
Thread.sleep(100);
tickets--;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
//释放锁
try {
lock.release();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Ticket12306 ticket12306 = new Ticket12306();
//创建客户端
Thread t1 = new Thread(ticket12306,"携程");
Thread t2 = new Thread(ticket12306,"飞猪");
t1.start();
t2.start();
}