文章目录
一. 很重要的函数: send_at_cmd()
标题并未提到这个send_at_cmd()函数，但可以这么说，该程序实现最终功能的最为核心的一个函数就是
send_at_cmd()，也是一个非常好用的函数… 那么，他到底重要在什么地方呢？又为什么说它好用呢？
1.1 设计思路
刚开始学习串口编程时，写了这么两个函数，分别是 comport_send() 和 comport_recv()，这两个函数分别封装了 write() 和 read() 系统调用，主要用来实现向串口发送AT指令和接收串口回发的数据，后来，开始写发送中英文短信的函数，还有一些检查串口状态，检查SIM卡状态的函数，是这样实现的：
- 调用 comport_send 函数，向串口发送指定的AT指令：
例如: comport_send(comport,“AT+CREG?\r”,len);
- 接下来，调用comport_recv() 函数读取串口发来的信息：
comport_recv(comport,rbuf,buf_len,0); // 0表示不使用select阻塞
- 最后，要么打印rbuf,要么使用strstr() 函数来查找OK或者 ’ > ’ ( > 表示短信输入),来确定某些功能是否可用
if(strstr(rbuf,“OK”)
printf(" Received OK ! \n");
问题，因为很多地方都要用到这一系列的方法，所以，我将这三步进行了封装，将要发送的AT命令，期望收到的内容等信息通过参数传进函数中，如果AT指令发送成功且收到了我期望的字符，则函数成功，返回0，否则返回-1.
函数还有四个参数，分别是用来存储读取到的信息的buf,该参数可以为NULL,表示不关心串口返回的数据具体是什么，只需要知道有没有找到期望的字符，当然如果传了buf则保存至buf中，下一个参数是该参数的长度，最后一个参数用来指定read()时是否使用select() 进行计时阻塞，还有就是函数的第一个参数，必须是串口呀！
1.2 send_at_cmd()
/************************************************************************************
*
* Function: int send_at_cmd(ComportAttr *comport,char *atcmd,char *expected_recv,char *rmsg,int msgsize,int timeout)
*
* Parameter: ComportAttr *comport - Serial port for communication
*
* char *arcmt - Commands to be sent to the serial port
*
* char *expected_recv - Expected information
*
* char *rmsg - Used to save the received information, can be NULL
*
* int msgsize - The size of rmsg
*
* int timeout - If this option is not 0, the program will call select to block read
*
* Description: Send the command in "atcmd" to the serial port, read the serial port, if you read the common-
* value with the lieutenant colonel expected_recv, the function returns 0, otherwise returns -1
*
* Return Value: 0 - AT command sent successfully and received the expected value
*
* negative number - AT command failed to send or did not receive the expected value
*
************************************************************************************/
int send_at_cmd(ComportAttr *comport,char *atcmd,char *expected_recv,char *rmsg,int msgsize,int timeout)
{
char temp_msg[512] = {0};
if(!atcmd || !expected_recv)
{
printf("Unable to send AT commond,Invalid parameter.\n");
return -1;
}
if(comport_send(comport,atcmd,strlen(atcmd)) < 0)
{
printf("Send AT commond failed:%s\n",strerror(errno));
return -2;
}
usleep(10000);
if(comport_recv(comport,temp_msg,sizeof(temp_msg),timeout) <= 0)
{
printf("Recving message failed:%s\n",strerror(errno));
return -3;
}
/* Search expectations */
if(!strstr(temp_msg,expected_recv))
{
printf("Can't find what you expect to receive,\'expected_recv\' is not in \'rmsg\'\n");
return -4;
}
if(rmsg)
{
strncpy(rmsg,temp_msg,msgsize);
}
return 0;
}
//7月25日 修改
正如上文所说，发送atcmd，如果读取的数据中找到了expected_recv ，则函数返回0.
关于comport_send() , comport_recv() 的实现请参考之前的博客.
二. Check系列函数
有了上面的send_at_cmd() 函数，Check系列函数的实现就简单了很多，下面来看,发短信之前，用来检查是否可以发短信的函数吧~
2.1 check_comport_ready()
设计原因： 发送短信前，必须先确保串口是可用的，通过发送 AT 并收到 OK 实现确认,因为不需要提取更多信息，所以第四个参数传NULL.
发送指令： AT
期望接收： OK
失败接收： ERROR
实际测试：
代码实现：
/* Check if the serial port can communicate */
int check_comport_ready(ComportAttr *comport)
{
int retval;
retval = send_at_cmd(comport,"AT\r","OK",NULL,0,2); //发送AT期望收到OK
if(retval != 0)
{
printf("Serial port cannot be used\n");
return retval;
}
return retval;
}
成功返回 0 .
2.2 check_if_there_is_sim()
设计原因： 串口能够通信，并不代表模块可以检测出SIM,有可能SIM卡安装不当，或者没有SIM,都需要检查
发送指令： AT+CPIN?
期望接收： READY
失败接收： ERROR
实际测试:
代码实现：
/* Check if the module recognizes the SIM card */
int check_if_there_is_sim(ComportAttr *comport)
{
int retval;
retval = send_at_cmd(comport,"AT+CPIN?\r","READY",NULL,0,2);
if(retval != 0)
{
printf("No SIM detected\n");
return retval;
}
return retval;
}
成功返回 0 .
2.3 check_sim_login()
设计原因： 模块能检测出SIM卡，并不代表SIM已经注册上了，之前就是因为这个问题搞了很久
发送指令： AT+CREG?
期望接收： 0,1 or 0,3
失败接收： 不为0,1 或 0,3均不可用
实际测试:
代码实现：
/* Check the SIM card registration," 0,1 " , " 0,3 " means available */
int check_sim_login(ComportAttr *comport)
{
int retval1;
int retval2;
retval1 = send_at_cmd(comport,"AT+CREG?\r","0,1",NULL,0,2);
retval2 = send_at_cmd(comport,"AT+CREG?\r","0,3",NULL,0,2);
if(retval1 && retval2)
{
printf("SIM Card is not registered\n");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
成功返回 0 .
2.4 check_sim_signal()
设计原因： SIM的信号强度也需要检测，太低会影响短信的发送，99,99表示无信号
发送指令： AT+CSQ
期望接收： +CSQ: **,## —— **在8~31之间越高越好，##通常是99
失败接收： 不为0,1 或 0,3均不可用
实际测试:
ps:因为信号可能是个位数，也有可能是十位数，所以需要进行判断，因为这里需要用到读取的内容，所以传入msg保存.
代码实现：
/* Check the SIM card signal strength ,The signal strength is too low or 99 is unavailable */
int check_sim_signal(ComportAttr *comport)
{
int i;
int retval;
int signal_strength;
char str_signal[10] = {0};
char msg[128] = {0};
retval = send_at_cmd(comport,"AT+CSQ\r","+CSQ",msg,sizeof(msg),2);
/* IF Sucess:
*
* AT+CSQ
*
* +CSQ: 9,99
*
* OK
*
* * * * * * *
* AT+CSQ
*
* +CSQ: 23,99
*
* OK
*
* */
if(retval != 0)
{
printf("Can not check signal\n");
return -1;
}
for(i = 0; i < sizeof(msg); i++)
{
if(msg[i] == ',') //Locate ' , '
{
if(msg[i-2] == ' ')
strncpy(str_signal,&msg[i-1],1); //The signal strength is in single digits, for example: 8,99
else
strncpy(str_signal,&msg[i-2],2); //The signal strength is ten digits, for example: 28,99
}
}
signal_strength = atoi(str_signal);
if(signal_strength < 7 || signal_strength == 99) //Signal is too low or no signal
{
printf("Signal Strengh is too low or no signal\n");
return -2;
}
return 0;
}
2.5 check_sim_allready()
封装了上述所有的check函数，全部满足则返回0，否则，返回 -1，-2…
/* Call 'check series' of functions, return 0 if all pass, otherwise return -1,-2.... */
int check_sim_allready(ComportAttr *comport)
{
if(check_comport_ready(comport) < 0)
return -1;
printf("Serial port ready!\n");
if(check_if_there_is_sim(comport) < 0)
return -2;
printf("SIM card can be detected!\n");
if(check_sim_login(comport) < 0)
return -3;
printf("SIM card is registered!\n");
if(check_sim_signal(comport) < 0)
return -4;
printf("Signal strength meets requirements!\n");
printf("\nSIM cards are all ready!\n");
return 0;
}
三. 获取短信中心号码
使用命令
AT+CSCA?
获取到保存了中心号码的buf后，操作buf获取中心号码
代码实现：
/*
* Obtain the SMS center number of the SIM card
* Different operators and different regions will result in different SMS center numbers
* China Telecom can not use.
* */
int get_sms_center_number(ComportAttr *comport,char *center_number)
{
int retval;
char *ptr;
char rbuf[128] = {0};
retval = send_at_cmd(comport,"AT+CSCA?\r","CSCA",rbuf,sizeof(rbuf),2);
/* IF Success:
*
* AT+CSCA?
*
* +CSCA: "+8613010788500",145
*
* OK
*
* */
if(retval < 0)
{
printf("Can not receive CSCA\n");
return -1;
}
ptr = strstr(rbuf,"CSCA");
ptr += 7;
strncpy(center_number,ptr,CENTER_NUM_LEN);
return 0;
}
四. TEXT / PDU SMS SEND
在写好PDU编码，send_at_cmd() 等功能模块的函数后，再来写发送短信的函数就会简单很多，只要搞清楚AT发短信的流程就很轻松的写出来了. 关于AT发送短信的步骤需要搞懂，可参考：AT指令发送中英文短信详细流程
4.1 TEXT SMS SEND
因为ASCII编码足以表示所有英文字符以及英文符号,不需要用到PDU编码，所以才把TEXT格式的短信单独列出来，发送短信的步骤也简单很多
代码：
/* Send SMS in TEXT format */
int text_sms_send(ComportAttr *comport,char *sms_buf,char *phone_number)
{
int retval;
char sbuf[30] = {0};
if(!sms_buf || !phone_number)
{
printf("Invalid parameter\n");
return -1;
}
retval = send_at_cmd(comport,"AT+CMGF=1\r","OK",NULL,0,2); //"AT+CMGF=1" means TEXT SMS
if(retval < 0)
{
printf("Send \"AT+CMGF=1\" failed or can not receive \"OK\"\n");
return -2;
}
/* Phone Number */
sprintf(sbuf,"AT+CMGS=\"%s\"\r",phone_number);
/* Expect to receive ' > ' */
retval = send_at_cmd(comport,sbuf,">",NULL,0,2);
if(retval < 0)
{
printf("Send AT+CMGS failed or can not receive \'>\'\n");
return -3;
}
strcat(sms_buf,"\x1a");
/* Send SMS,'\x1a'is the end of SMS sending Peugeot */
retval = send_at_cmd(comport,sms_buf,"OK",NULL,0,10);
if(retval < 0)
{
printf("SMS send failed\n");
return -4;
}
printf("SMS sent successfully!\n");
return 0;
}
4.2 PDU SMS SEND
写到这里，就会发现之前的努力都是值得的，正是因为前面将所有需要用到的功能模块都进行的封装，PDU编码只需要传入几个参数便可完成，所以，再来写PDU SMS SEND 函数时，只需要清楚发送PDU格式短信的步骤，同样可以很轻松的写出函数啦！
代码：
/* Send PDU SMS , Will call the PDU encoded function */
int pdu_sms_send(ComportAttr *comport,char *sms_buf,char *phone_number)
{
int value_cmgs;
char pdu_buf[512] = {0};
char sbuf[32] = {0};
char center_number[128] = {0};
if(!sms_buf || !phone_number)
{
printf("Invalid parameter\n");
return -1;
}
if(get_sms_center_number(comport,center_number) < 0) //Obtain SMS Center Number
{
printf("Can not get SMS center number\n");
return -2;
}
if(pdu_encod(sms_buf,center_number,phone_number,pdu_buf,&value_cmgs) < 0) //PDU encoding
{
printf("Failed to construct PDU code\n");
return -3;
}
if(send_at_cmd(comport,"AT+CMGF=0\r","OK",NULL,0,2) < 0) //"AT+CMGF=0" means PDU SMS
{
printf("Send \"AT+CMGF=0\" failed\n");
return -4;
}
/* Splice the processed phone number with the processed SMS into a string
* value_cmgs represents one-half the length of the string, in decimal.
* */
sprintf(sbuf,"AT+CMGS=%d\r",value_cmgs);
/* Expect to receive ' > ' */
if(send_at_cmd(comport,sbuf,">",NULL,0,2) < 0) //Most of the failures are due to PDU encoding failure
{
printf("Send \"AT+CMGS=%d\"failed,or can not receive \'>\'\n",value_cmgs);
return -5;
}
strcat(pdu_buf,"\x1a");
/* If it can't receive OK within 10s,return */
if(send_at_cmd(comport,pdu_buf,"OK",NULL,0,10) < 0)
{
printf("PDU SMS send failed\n");
return -6;
}
printf("SMS sent successfully!\n");
return 0;
}
五. 头文件 sms.h
/********************************************************************************
* Copyright: (C) 2020 LuXiaoyang<920916829@qq.com>
* All rights reserved.
*
* Filename: comport.h
* Description: This head file of sms.c
*
* Version: 1.0.0(09/07/20)
* Author: LuXiaoyang <920916829@qq.com>
* ChangeLog: 1, Release initial version on "09/07/20 08:58:33"
*
********************************************************************************/
#ifndef _SMS_H_
#define _SMS_H_
#include "comport.h"
#include "PDU.h"
#define CENTER_NUM_LEN 14
/* Send AT Commond(comport_send plus) */
int send_at_cmd(ComportAttr *comport,char *atcmd,char *expected_recv,char *rmsg,int msgsize,int timeout);
/* Check if the serial port can communicate */
int check_comport_ready(ComportAttr *comport);
/* Check if the module can recognize the SIM card */
int check_if_there_is_sim(ComportAttr *comport);
/* Check the SIM card registration */
int check_sim_login(ComportAttr *comport);
/* Check the SIM card signal strength */
int check_sim_signal(ComportAttr *comport);
/* Use the above function to check whether the SIM card is ready to be used */
int check_sim_allready(ComportAttr *comport);
/* Get SMS Center Number of the SIM Card */
int get_sms_center_number(ComportAttr *comport,char *center_number);
/* Send TEXT Message */
int text_sms_send(ComportAttr *comport,char *sms_buf,char *phone_number);
/* Send PDU message */
int pdu_sms_send(ComportAttr *comport,char *sms_buf,char *phone_number);
#endif /* ----- #ifndef _COMPORT_H_ ----- */
本系列函数属于较上层的功能实现函数，封装了send_at_cmd() 函数，从而轻松的实现其他功能函数，通过该函数，设计了检查串口和SIM卡相关状态的一系列函数，在通过check_sim_allready() 将check系列函数进行封装，从而一个函数就能实现发送短信前的检测工作；
在发送短信时，也只是停留在传入参数即可实现所有功能，短信中心号，电话号码，UTF-8等数据的处理，统统交由PDU.c中的pdu_encod()函数实现，函数要做的仅仅是与发送指令而已，像这样使用一层一层的封装，调用,使得函数的移植性得到了很大的提升,这样，在真正的main程序中，只需要简单的调用几个函数即可实现全部功能…
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