【ElasticSearch8】SpringBoot集成ElasticSearch8.x 基本应用（环境安装和CRUD操作）

前言

最近在研究es的时候发现官方已经在7.15.0放弃对旧版本中的Java REST Client （High Level Rest Client (HLRC)）的支持，从而替换为推荐使用的Java API Client 8.x。

查看SpringBoot2.6.4的依赖，其中es的版本仅为7.15.2。

  <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
  </dependency>
 
  <elasticsearch>7.15.2</elasticsearch>

因此这里我就按照官方文档使用了推荐的。

<dependency>
      <groupId>co.elastic.clients</groupId>
      <artifactId>elasticsearch-java</artifactId>
      <version>8.1.0</version>
</dependency>

鉴于es8.x的资料文档目前并不是很齐全，本文中如有错误，欢迎各位指出。本文将记录一些es8.x api下的简单CRUD操作。

环境

SpringBoot 2.6.4 + ElasticSearch 8.1.0

安装

首先去官网下载最新的安装包Download Elasticsearch | Elastic。

解压即可，进入/bin,启动elasticsearch.bat。

访问 127.0.0.1:9200 ，出现 es 的集群信息即安装成功。

可视化界面elasticsearch-head安装

在github上搜索 elasticsearch-head，下载他的源码。

进入源码目录执行。（需安装Node.js）

npm install
npm run start
 
Running "connect:server" (connect) task                                                                                 
Waiting forever...                                                                                                      
Started connect web server on http://localhost:9100                                                                                                                               

即可访问9100端口访问。

依赖导入

  <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>2.13.2</version>
  </dependency>
 
  <dependency>
        <groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
        <artifactId>jakarta.json</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1</version>
  </dependency>
       
  <dependency>
        <groupId>co.elastic.clients</groupId>
        <artifactId>elasticsearch-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.1.0</version>
  </dependency>

配置类

@Configuration
public class ElasticSearchConfig {
 
    //注入IOC容器
    @Bean
    public ElasticsearchClient elasticsearchClient(){
        RestClient client = RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200,"http")).build();
        ElasticsearchTransport transport = new RestClientTransport(client,new JacksonJsonpMapper());
        return new ElasticsearchClient(transport);
    }
}

索引CRUD

增加index

@Autowired
private ElasticsearchClient client;

@Test
public void createTest() throws IOException {
    
    //写法比RestHighLevelClient更加简洁
    CreateIndexResponse indexResponse = client.indices().create(c -> c.index("user"));
}

查询Index

@Test
public void queryTest() throws IOException {
    GetIndexResponse getIndexResponse = client.indices().get(i -> i.index("user"));
}

判断index是否存在

@Test
public void existsTest() throws IOException {
    BooleanResponse booleanResponse = client.indices().exists(e -> e.index("user"));
    System.out.println(booleanResponse.value());
}

删除index

@Test
public void deleteTest() throws IOException {
    DeleteIndexResponse deleteIndexResponse = client.indices().delete(d -> d.index("user"));
    System.out.println(deleteIndexResponse.acknowledged());
}

Document CRUD

这里准备了一个简单的实体类User用于测试

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
}

插入document

@Test
public void addDocumentTest() throws IOException {

    User user = new User("user1", 10);
    IndexResponse indexResponse = client.index(i -> i
            .index("user")

            //设置id
            .id("1")

            //传入user对象
            .document(user));

}

进入可视化插件，可以看到数据已经成功插入

更新Document

@Test
public void updateDocumentTest() throws IOException {
    UpdateResponse<User> updateResponse = client.update(u -> u
                    .index("user")
                    .id("1")
                    .doc(new User("user2", 13))
            , User.class);
}

判断Document是否存在

@Test
public void existDocumentTest() throws IOException {
    BooleanResponse indexResponse = client.exists(e -> e.index("user").id("1"));
    System.out.println(indexResponse.value());
}

查询Document

@Test
public void getDocumentTest() throws IOException {
    GetResponse<User> getResponse = client.get(g -> g
                    .index("user")
                    .id("1")
            , User.class
    );
    System.out.println(getResponse.source());
}

返回

User(name=user2, age=13)

删除Document

@Test
public void deleteDocumentTest() throws IOException {
    DeleteResponse deleteResponse = client.delete(d -> d
            .index("user")
            .id("1")
    );
    System.out.println(deleteResponse.id());
}

批量插入Document

@Test
public void bulkTest() throws IOException {
    List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();
    userList.add(new User("user1", 11));
    userList.add(new User("user2", 12));
    userList.add(new User("user3", 13));
    userList.add(new User("user4", 14));
    userList.add(new User("user5", 15));
    List<BulkOperation> bulkOperationArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
    //遍历添加到bulk中
    for(User user : userList){
        bulkOperationArrayList.add(BulkOperation.of(o->o.index(i->i.document(user))));
    }
 
    BulkResponse bulkResponse = client.bulk(b -> b.index("user")
            .operations(bulkOperationArrayList));

}

查询

@Test
public void searchTest() throws IOException {
    SearchResponse<User> search = client.search(s -> s
            .index("user")
            //查询name字段包含hello的document(不使用分词器精确查找)
            .query(q -> q
                    .term(t -> t
                            .field("name")
                            .value(v -> v.stringValue("hello"))
                    ))
            //分页查询，从第0页开始查询3个document
            .from(0)
            .size(3)
            //按age降序排序
            .sort(f->f.field(o->o.field("age").order(SortOrder.Desc))),User.class
    );
    for (Hit<User> hit : search.hits().hits()) {
        System.out.println(hit.source());
    }
}

为了测试，我们先添加以下数据

List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();
userList.add(new User("hello world", 11));
userList.add(new User("hello java", 12));
userList.add(new User("hello es", 13));
userList.add(new User("hello spring", 14));
userList.add(new User("user", 15));

查询结果：

User(name=hello spring, age=14)
User(name=hello es, age=13)
User(name=hello java, age=12)