java之IO流、序列化和克隆,Socket实现聊天

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-14 15:19:39 发布

缘来源去

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-14 15:19:39 发布

阅读量336

点赞数 1

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45137910/article/details/95377597

版权

学习java的第三十三天

作业：

1、Person类包括编号、姓名、年龄、性别属性。
创建多个Person对象，添加到集合中，将集合按年龄排序，
保存到文本文件中，格式如：
1 张三 20 男
2 李四 30 女
3 赵四 24 男
4 周五 40 女
2、在文件中保存一个有多个Person对象的集合，然后从文件中将集合读取出来，进行遍历。
3、编写简单的Socket消息传递过程，并理解流程。

Person类

package com.qf.home;


public class Person implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<Object> {
	private int id;//编号
	private String name;//姓名
	private int age;//年龄
	private String sex;//性别
	public Person() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public Person(int id, String name, int age, String sex) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", sex=" + sex + "]";
	}
	@Override
	public int compareTo(Object o) {
		//0表示相同,只添加第一个
				//1表示大,添加到右枝,即先添加的排列在前,顺序排列
				//-1表示小,添加到左枝,即先添加的排列在后,倒序排列
				if(o instanceof Person){
					Person p = (Person)o;
					if(p.age >= this.age){
						return -1;
					}else if(p.age < this.age){
						return 1;
					}
				}
		return 0;
	}
	
}

Home01 测试类

package com.qf.home;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.util.TreeSet;



/**
 * 1、Person类包括编号、姓名、年龄、性别属性。 创建多个Person对象，添加到集合中，将集合按年龄排序， 保存到文本文件中，
 * 格式如：1 张三 20 男 
 *      2 李四 30 女 
 *      3 赵四 24 男 
 *      4 周五 40 女
 * 2、在文件中保存一个有多个Person对象的集合，然后从文件中将集合读取出来，进行遍历。
 */
//对象流的Person类需实现Cloneable接口
public class Home01 {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
//		writeObject();
		readObject();
	}
	public static void writeObject(){
		// 写入
				try {
					FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/f.txt");
					ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
					Person p1 = new Person(1, "张三", 35, "男");
					Person p2 = new Person(2, "李四", 33, "男");
					Person p3 = new Person(3, "王五", 26, "男");
					Person p4 = new Person(4, "赵六", 33, "男");
					TreeSet<Person> treeSet = new TreeSet<>();
					treeSet.add(p1);
					treeSet.add(p2);
					treeSet.add(p3);
					treeSet.add(p4);
					oos.writeObject(treeSet);
					oos.flush();
					fos.close();
					oos.close();
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
	}
	public static void readObject(){
		//读取
		try {
			FileInputStream fis= new FileInputStream("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/f.txt");
			ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
			TreeSet<Person> list =(TreeSet<Person>)ois.readObject();
			list.forEach(System.out::println);
			fis.close();
			ois.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

Socket实现聊天 (MyServer类服务端)

package com.qf.demo;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class MyServer {
	//服务端
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(7777);
			while(true){
				Socket socket = server.accept();
				//得到与服务器的对话的流
				BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
				BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
				byte [] buffer = new byte[1024];
				int len = bis.read(buffer);
				String s = new String(buffer,0,len);
				System.out.println("客户端说:"+s);
				
				Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
				System.out.println("请输入内容:");
				
				String s1 = input.next();
				bos.write(s1.getBytes());
				bos.flush();
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

Socket实现聊天 (MyClient 类客户类)

package com.qf.demo;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class MyClient {
	//客户端
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			while(true){
				Socket socket = new Socket("192.168.50.129", 7777);
				//得到与服务器的对话的流
				BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
				BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
				
				Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
				System.out.println("请输入内容:");				
				String s = input.next();
				bos.write(s.getBytes());
				bos.flush();
				
				byte [] buffer = new byte[1024];
				int len = bis.read(buffer);
				String msg = new String(buffer,0,len);
				System.out.println("服务器说:"+msg);
				
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

io流补全写入,保留原有的内容

package com.qf.demo;

import java.io.RandomAccessFile;

public class Demo01 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			//随机流RandomAccessFile,既可以读文件也可以写文件;r:读,w:写,rw:可读可写
			RandomAccessFile accessFile = new RandomAccessFile("a.txt", "rw");
			//得到文件长度
			long length = accessFile.length();
			//表示在哪个地方开始写入文字
			accessFile.seek(length);
			accessFile.writeBytes("\n");//换行
			accessFile.write("低头思故乡".getBytes());
			accessFile.close();
		
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

序列化

需要实现java.io.Serializable接口，分为两个过程，序列化和反序列化。
序列化是指使用何种规则将对象写入到文件中。
反序列化是指读取文件内容后，如何创建对象，并且封装对应的值到对象中。
序列化ID：serialVersionUID，只有相同的serialVersionUID的对象流才能相互读写。
transient：修饰属性，当使用此关键字时，序列化对象时会忽略掉该属性。

克隆 clone,对象流的复制或者拷贝的意思

步骤：
1. 类实现Cloneable接口。
2. 重写Object类中的clone方法。
3. 将protected关键字改成public，让类的外部可以访问。

浅拷贝 (实体类 Student,测试类Demo03)

实体类 Student

package com.qf.entity;

public class Student implements java.io.Serializable,Cloneable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 6219950875927881633L;
	
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String sex;
	private int age;
	private transient String tel;
	//使用transient修饰,序列化对象时会忽略掉该属性,得到值为null;
	public Student() {
		super();
	}
	public Student(int id, String name, String sex, int age, String tel) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.sex = sex;
		this.age = age;
		this.tel = tel;
	}
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public String getTel() {
		return tel;
	}
	public void setTel(String tel) {
		this.tel = tel;
	}
	public static long getSerialversionuid() {
		return serialVersionUID;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age + ", tel=" + tel + "]";
	}
	
	@Override
	public Student clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
		return (Student) super.clone();
	}
}

测试类 Demo03

package com.qf.demo;

import com.qf.entity.Student;

public class Demo03 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//克隆,clone
		//1实现Cloneable接口
		//2重写clone方法
		//3用public修饰方法
		Student s1 = new Student(1, "张三", "男", 25, "111111");
		try {
			Student s2 = s1.clone();
			s2.setName("李四");
			System.out.println(s1);
			System.out.println(s2);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

深拷贝 (实体类 Students,测试类Demo04)

实体类 Students

package com.qf.entity;

public class Students implements java.io.Serializable,Cloneable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 6219950875927881633L;
	
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String sex;
	private int age;
	private transient String tel;
	private Classes cla;
	//使用transient修饰,序列化对象时会忽略掉该属性,得到值为null;
	
	
	@Override
	public Students clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
		Students st = (Students) super.clone();
		st.setCla(st.getCla().clone());	
		return st;
	}


	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Students [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age + ", cla=" + cla + "]";
	}


	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}


	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}


	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}


	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}


	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}


	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}


	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}


	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}


	public String getTel() {
		return tel;
	}


	public void setTel(String tel) {
		this.tel = tel;
	}


	public Classes getCla() {
		return cla;
	}


	public void setCla(Classes cla) {
		this.cla = cla;
	}


	public static long getSerialversionuid() {
		return serialVersionUID;
	}


	public Students(int id, String name, String sex, int age, String tel, Classes cla) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.sex = sex;
		this.age = age;
		this.tel = tel;
		this.cla = cla;
	}


	public Students() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
}

测试类Demo04

package com.qf.demo;

import com.qf.entity.Classes;
import com.qf.entity.Students;

public class Demo04 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//克隆,clone
		//1实现Cloneable接口
		//2重写clone方法
		//3用public修饰方法
		Students st1 = new Students(1, "张三", "男", 25, "111111",new Classes(1,"java1904班"));
		try {
			Students st2 = st1.clone();
			//等同于
			Students st3 = new Students();
			st3.setId(st1.getId());
			st3.setName(st1.getName());
			st3.setSex(st1.getSex());
			st3.setAge(st1.getAge());
			st3.setTel(st1.getTel());
			Classes cla1 = new Classes();
			cla1.setId(st1.getCla().getId());
			cla1.setName(st1.getCla().getName());
			st3.setCla(cla1);
			
			st1.setName("李四");
			st1.getCla().setName("java精英1904");
			System.out.println(st1);
			System.out.println(st2);
			System.out.println(st3);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}