学习笔记之RabbitMQ的安装使用

概念

• MQ：是消息队列的统称，可以理解为原理概念
• AMQP：是实现MQ的一种协议，规定了数据格式，不限定语言，可以跨语言实现，有五种实现模式 RabbitMQ
• JMS：是java实现的API,开发接口，有两种实现方式 ActiveMQ,RocketMQ

RabbitMQ的安装

1. 准备相关安装包
   • erlang-21.2.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
   • rabbitmq-server-3.7.15-1.el7.noarch.rpm
   • socat
2. 安装命令

//安装erlang
yum install ./erlang-21.2.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
//安装socat
yum install ./socat-1.7.3.2-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
//安装rabbitmq
yum install ./rabbitmq-server-3.7.15-1.el7.noarch.rpm

3. copy rabbitmq配置文件，并修改

//复制配置文件
cp /usr/share/doc/rabbitmq-server-3.7.15/rabbitmq.config.example /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config

//修改配置文件
vi /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config
%%{loopback_users, []}, 去除前面百分号以及后面逗号，允许外网访问

4. rabbitmq的启动、启动

//启动
service rabbitmq-server start
//重启
service rabbitmq-server restart
//停止
service rabbitmq-server stop
//配置开机启动
chkconfig rabbitmq-server on

Rabbitmq的使用

1. 引入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.6.release</version
</dependency>

2. 改造生产者

//1.在application.yml添加如下配置
spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.164.128
    virtual-host: /leyou
    username: leyou
    password: leyou
    template:
      exchange: LEYOU.ITEM.EXCHANGE
//2.使用时注入服务
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
//3.使用方法将信息发送到队列，需要什么参数需要具体分析
this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("item."+type,spuId);

3. 改造消费者
   • 配置监听类，主要是注解部门进行配置

@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
    value=@Queue(value="队列名称"，durable="是否持久化"),
    exchange=@Exchange(value="交换机名称",ignoreDeclarationException="忽略异常",type="交换机类型"),
    key={"配置routingKey,可以配置多个"})
    

@Component
public class GoodsListener {

    @Autowired
    private GoodsHtmlService goodsHtmlService;

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(value = "LEYOU.ITEM.SAVE.QUEUE",durable = "true"),
            exchange = @Exchange(value = "LEYOU.ITEM.EXCHANGE",ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true",type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
            key = {"item.insert","item.update"}
    ))
    public void saveListener(Long spuId){
        if (spuId == null){
            return;
        }
        this.goodsHtmlService.createHtml(spuId);
    }

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(value = "LEYOU.ITEM.DELETE.QUEUE",durable = "true"),
            exchange = @Exchange(value = "LEYOU.ITEM.EXCHANGE",ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true",type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
            key = {"item.delete"}
    ))
    public void deleteListener(Long spuId){
        if (spuId == null){
            return;
        }
        this.goodsHtmlService.deleteHtml(spuId);
    }
}