Java学习--枚举类

1、演示自定义枚举类实现

class Season{
    private String name;
    private String desc;

    public final static Season SPRING = new Season("春天", "温暖");
    public final static Season SUMMER = new Season("夏天", "炎热");
    public final static Season AUTUMN = new Season("秋天", "凉爽");
    public final static Season WINTER = new Season("冬天", "寒冷");

    //1.将构造器私有化，防止new
    //2.去掉set方法，防止属性被修改
    //3.在Season内部，直接创建固定的对象
    //4.优化，可以加入 final 修饰符
    private Season(String name, String desc) {
        this.name = name;
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getDesc() {
        return desc;
    }

}

2、演示 enum 实现枚举类

enum  Season2{
    SPRING("春天", "温暖"), SUMMER("夏天", "炎热"),
    AUTUMN ("秋天", "凉爽"), WINTER ("冬天", "寒冷"), AAA;
    private String name;
    private String desc;


    //1.使用关键字enum 替代 class
    //2.public final static Season SPRING = new Season("春天", "温暖") 
    //直接使用 SPRING("春天", "温暖")
    //3.如果有多个常量对象，用逗号间隔
    //4.如果使用enum来实现枚举，要求将定义常量对象写在最前面
    //5.如果我么使用无参构造器创建常量对象，可以省略()
    private Season2(String name, String desc) {
        this.name = name;
        this.desc = desc;
    }

    private Season2() {
    }
}

3、演示Enum类各个方法的使用

		Season2 autumn = Season2.AUTUMN;
        //输出枚举对象的名字
        System.out.println(autumn.name());

        //ordinal()输出的是该枚举对象的次序/编号
        System.out.println(autumn.ordinal());

        //values方法返回season2[]数组，含有定义的所有枚举对象
        Season2[] values = Season2.values();
        System.out.println("=====增加for循环遍历枚举对象====");
        for (Season2 season : values){
            System.out.println(season);
        }

        //valueOf: 将字符串转换成枚举对象，要求字符串必须是已有的常量名，否则报异常
        Season2 autumn2 = Season2.valueOf("AUTUMN");
        System.out.println("autumn2=" + autumn2);
        System.out.println(autumn == autumn2);

        //compareTo：比较两个枚举常量，比较的就是编号
        Season2 spring = Season2.SPRING;
        System.out.println(autumn.compareTo(spring)); //2-0