Python基础学习——文件和异常

文件和异常
10.1Python学习笔记

filename = 'learning_python.txt'

with open(filename) as file_object:
    contents=file_object.read()
    print(contents)

with open(filename) as file_object:
    for line in file_object:
        print(line.rstrip())

with open(filename) as file_object:
    lines=file_object.readlines()
    
for line in lines:
    print(line.rstrip())

10.2 C语言学习笔记

filename = 'learning_python.txt'

with open(filename) as file_object:
    contents=file_object.read()
    print(contents)

print(contents.replace('Python','C'))

10.6加法运算

x=input("Give me a number:")
y=input("Give me another number:")
try:
    x_and_y=int(x)+int(y)
except ValueError:
    print("You inter what is not number.")
else:
    print("The sum of "+x+" and "+y+" is "+str(x_and_y)+'.')   

10.7加法计算器

print("Enter 'q' at anytime to quit.\n")

while True:
    x=input("Give me a number:")
    if x == 'q':
        break
    
    y=input("Give me a number:")
    if y == 'q':
        break
    
    try:
        x_and_y=int(x)+int(y)
    except ValueError:
        print("You enter what is not number.")
    else:
        print("The sum of "+x+" and "+y+" is "+str(x_and_y)+'.') 

10.8猫和狗

def pets_name(pets):
    try:
        with open(pets) as file_object:
            contents=file_object.read()
    except FileNotFoundError:
        print("Sorry,the file "+pets+" does not exist.")
    else:
        cats_name=contents.split()
        for cat_name in cats_name:
            print("The pet's name is "+cat_name+".")

cats='cats.txt'
pets_name(cats)

dogs='dogs.txt'
pets_name(dogs)

10.9沉默的猫和狗

def pets_name(pets):
    try:
        with open(pets) as file_object:
            contents=file_object.read()
    except FileNotFoundError:
        pass
    else:
        cats_name=contents.split()
        for cat_name in cats_name:
            print("The pet's name is "+cat_name+".")

cats='cats.txt'
pets_name(cats)

dogs='dogs.txt'
pets_name(dogs)

10.10常见单词
好像是把所有有‘the’的单词也算进去了，暂时未找到解决的方法

def count_novels_the_number(novels):
    with open(novels) as file_object:
        novels_word=file_object.read()
        novel_the_number=novels_word.lower().count('the')
    print(novel_the_number)

novels='siddhartha.txt'
count_novels_the_number(novels)

novels='alice.txt'
count_novels_the_number(novels)

10.11喜欢的数字

import json

user_numbers='user_numbers.json'
favorite_numbers=input("Enter your favorite number.")
with open(user_numbers,'w') as file_object:
    json.dump(favorite_numbers,file_object)

with open(user_numbers) as file_object:
    favorite_numbers=json.load(file_object)
print(favorite_numbers)

10.12记住喜欢的数字

import json
user_numbers='user_numbers.json'
try:
    with open(user_numbers) as file_object:
        favorite_numbers=json.load(file_object)
    
except FileNotFoundError:
    
    favorite_numbers=input("Enter your favorite number.")
    with open(user_numbers,'w') as file_object:
        json.dump(favorite_numbers,file_object)

else:
    print(favorite_numbers)

10.13验证用户

import json

def get_stored_username():
    filename='user.json'
    try:
        with open(filename) as file_object:    
            username=json.load(file_object)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        return None
    else:
        return username

def get_new_username():
    username=input("What is your name?")
    filename='user.json'
    with open(filename,'w') as file_object:
        json.dump(username,file_object)
    return username
        

def greet_user():
    username=get_stored_username()
    if username:
        correct=input("Are you "+username+"?(y/n)")
        if correct == 'y':
            print("Welcome back,"+username+".")
        else:
            username=get_new_username()
            print("We'll remember you when you come bake, "+username+"!")
    else:
        username=get_new_username()
        print("We'll remember you when you come bake, "+username+"!")

greet_user()

总结：
文件的读取、写入、代码出现异常的处理方法、使用json储存和读取数据；对代码的重构，把代码划分为多个函数，具体工作用具体函数，便于维护管理。