1、dubbo基本架构
- 服务提供者(Provider):暴露服务的服务提供方,服务提供者在 启动时,向注册中心注册自己提供的服务。
- 服务消费者(Consumer): 调用远程服务的服务消费方,服务消 费者在启动时,向注册中心订阅自己所需的服务,服务消费者,从提供者地址列表中,基于软负载均衡算法,选一台提供者进行调用,如 果调用失败,再选另一台调用。
- 注册中心(Registry):注册中心返回服务提供者地址列表给消费 者,如果有变更,注册中心将基于长连接推送变更数据给消费者
- 监控中心(Monitor):服务消费者和提供者,在内存中累计调用 次数和调用时间,定时每分钟发送一次统计数据到监控中心
2、直连方式 dubbo
2.1 直连方式 dubbo介绍
消费者直接访问服务提供者,没有注册中心。消费者直接通过 url 地址访问固定的服务提供者。这个 url 地址是不变的。
2.2 demo实现直连方式 dubbo
服务提供者,服务消费者都是 web项目。
2.2.1 创建服务提供者项目
dubbo-provider(web项目)
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.wen</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.18</version>
</dependency>
<!--dubbo依赖,必须加-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
创建产品实体类:Product.java
package com.wen.model;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Product implements Serializable {
private String name;
private String id;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Product{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", id='" + id + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
新建产品服务接口:ProductService
package com.wen.service;
import com.wen.model.Product;
public interface ProductService {
Product getProductById(String id);
}
新建产品服务接口实现类:ProductServiceImpl.java
package com.wen.service.impl;
import com.wen.model.Product;
import com.wen.service.ProductService;
public class ProductServiceImpl implements ProductService {
@Override
public Product getProductById(String id) {
Product product = new Product();
product.setId(id);
product.setName("iphone 13");
return product;
}
}
创建dubbo的配置文件:applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<!--服务提供者的名字,使用唯一值,服务名称是dubbo内部使用的唯一标识-->
<dubbo:application name="provider"/>
<!--服务协议名称和端口号,20880是dubbo服务默认端口号-->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>
<!--暴露服务接口,供消费者使用
interface: 暴露服务的接口全限定名
ref: 暴露接口的实现类bean的标识id
registry: 直连的方式,N/A表示不使用注册中心,注意千万不要写成register
-->
<dubbo:service interface="com.wen.service.ProductService" ref="productService" registry="N/A" />
<!--将暴露的接口实现类加载到spring容器-->
<bean id="productService" class="com.wen.service.impl.ProductServiceImpl"/>
</beans>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--服务器一启动,加载spring配置文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--监听器-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
2.2.2 创建服务消费者项目
dubbo-consumer(web项目)
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.wen</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-consumer</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.18</version>
</dependency>
<!--dubbo依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--服务提供者的gav-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.wen</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!--json依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.13.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
创建控制器:ProductController.java
package com.wen.web.controller;
import com.wen.model.Product;
import com.wen.service.ProductService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class ProductController {
@Autowired
private ProductService productService;
@GetMapping("product/getById")
@ResponseBody
public Product getProductById(String id){
System.out.println(productService);
return productService.getProductById(id);
}
}
创建dubbo的配置文件:applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.wen.web"/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<dubbo:application name="consumer"/>
<!--使用远程服务
id:远程服务代理对象名称
interface:远程接口全限定类名
url:访问服务提供者的地址
-->
<dubbo:reference id="productService" interface="com.wen.service.ProductService" url="dubbo://localhost:20880"/>
</beans>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--SpringMVC的核心处理器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--初始化参数:配置文件所在位置-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--启动时初始化实例,默认是第一次访问时才进行初始化-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
2.2.3 测试
先启动服务提供者,再启动服务消费者,