ThreadpoolExecutor处理task执行异常

背景

日常开发中使用线程池时，发现线程池里的任务异常中断/失败是不会打印错误信息的，导致结果异常还不知道发生什么

原因

ThreadpoolExecutor线程池提交作业后，worker不会主动抛出异常。需要通过future对象的result 和exception。ThreadpoolExecutor 对象submit()方法提交任务后后返回future对象。任务提交完后，得到future对象列表/字典*fn，通过futures.as_compose(*fn)遍历线程池中完成的task

future.expcection

遍历完成的task也就是future对象，通过 future.exception 是否为空判断该任务是否有异常信息。

import concurrent.futures
import urllib.request

URLS = ['http://www.foxnews.com/',
        'http://www.cnn.com/',
        'http://europe.wsj.com/',
        'http://www.bbc.co.uk/',
        'http://nonexistant-subdomain.python.org/']

# Retrieve a single page and report the URL and contents
def load_url(url, timeout):
    with urllib.request.urlopen(url, timeout=timeout) as conn:
        return conn.read()

# We can use a with statement to ensure threads are cleaned up promptly
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as executor:
    # Start the load operations and mark each future with its URL
    future_to_url = {executor.submit(load_url, url, 60): url for url in URLS}
    for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(future_to_url):
        if future.exception() is not None:
        	print('%r generated an exception: %s' % (url, exc))
        else:
            print('%r page is %d bytes' % (url, len(data)))

future.result

遍历完成的task也就是future对象，通过try except判断 future.result() 线程的执行结果是否异常。

import concurrent.futures
import urllib.request

URLS = ['http://www.foxnews.com/',
        'http://www.cnn.com/',
        'http://europe.wsj.com/',
        'http://www.bbc.co.uk/',
        'http://nonexistant-subdomain.python.org/']

# Retrieve a single page and report the URL and contents
def load_url(url, timeout):
    with urllib.request.urlopen(url, timeout=timeout) as conn:
        return conn.read()

# We can use a with statement to ensure threads are cleaned up promptly
with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as executor:
    # Start the load operations and mark each future with its URL
    future_to_url = {executor.submit(load_url, url, 60): url for url in URLS}
    for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(future_to_url):
        url = future_to_url[future]
        try:
            data = future.result()
        except Exception as exc:
            print('%r generated an exception: %s' % (url, exc))
        else:
            print('%r page is %d bytes' % (url, len(data)))

异常重试

1. 捕获异常后，重新提交任务

....
for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(future_to_url):
        url = future_to_url[future]
        try:
            data = future.result()
        except Exception as exc:
            executor.sumbit(load_url, url)
        else:
            print('%r page is %d bytes' % (url, len(data)))

2. 捕获异常后，把失败task的入参保存重新执行

pending_message = []
for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(future_to_url):
        url = future_to_url[future]
        try:
            data = future.result()
        except Exception as exc:
            pending_message.append(url)
        else:
            print('%r page is %d bytes' % (url, len(data)))
            
futures = [executor.sumbit(load_url, url) for url in pending_message]

参考文档：concurrent.futures - python 中文文档