JAVA基础-网络编程(TCP,UDP)

JAVA基础-网络编程(TCP,UDP)

李兴华老师系列教程的学习记录

1.TCP

1.简单例子

服务器

package com.learn.example1.tcp;

import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class TCPServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        int port = 8080;
        //创建一个服务器
        ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(port);
        //根据服务器接收的数据创建一个socket
        Socket client = server.accept();
        //读取客户端发送的数据
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(client.getInputStream());
        //向客户端发送数据
        PrintStream put = new PrintStream(client.getOutputStream());
        //服务器一直循环接受数据
        while(true){
            if (scan.hasNext()){
                String get = scan.next();
                if(get != null){
                    System.out.println("[Server receive] --> " + get);
                }
                //返回客户端发送的回声
                String send = "<ECHO>" + get;
                System.out.println("[Server return] <-- " + send);
                put.println(send);
            }
        }
        //释放资源
//        client.close();
//        server.close();
    }
}

客户端

package com.learn.example1.tcp;

import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class TCPClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //创建客户端
        Socket client = new Socket("127.0.0.1",8080);
        //读取服务器返回数据
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(client.getInputStream());
        //创建一个打印流准备向服务器发送数据
        PrintStream put = new PrintStream(client.getOutputStream());
        //发送数据
        String send = "这是客户端向服务器发送的数据";
        System.out.println("[Client Send] <-- " + send);
        put.println(send);
        if (scan.hasNext()){
            String get = scan.next();
            if (get != null) {
                System.out.println("[Client Receive] --> " + get);
            }
        }
        //关闭释放资源
        client.close();
    }
}

运行结果:

//服务器结果
[Server receive] --> 这是客户端向服务器发送的数据
[Server return] <-- <ECHO>这是客户端向服务器发送的数据

//客户端结果
[Client Send] <-- 这是客户端向服务器发送的数据
[Client Receive] --> <ECHO>这是客户端向服务器发送的数据

进程已结束，退出代码 0

2.多线程例子

服务器

package com.learn.example1.tcp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ServerMultiThread {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(8080);

        while (true) {
            Socket client = server.accept();
            new Thread(new ClientThread(client)).start();
        }

//        server.close();
    }
}

class ClientThread implements Runnable {

    private Socket client;

    public ClientThread(Socket client) {
        this.client = client;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Scanner scan = new Scanner(client.getInputStream());
            PrintStream out = new PrintStream(client.getOutputStream());
            while (true) {
                //接收
                if (scan.hasNextLine()) {
                    String get = scan.nextLine();
                    if (get != null) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "%[Server Get] --> " + get);
                    }

                    String send = "<ECHO>" + get;
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "%[Server Send] <-- " + send);
                    //发送
                    out.println(send);
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

客户端

package com.learn.example1.tcp;

import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ClientMultiThread {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                Socket client = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8080);
                Scanner scan = new Scanner(client.getInputStream());
                PrintStream out = new PrintStream(client.getOutputStream());

                String send = "Hello World!";
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "%[Client1 send] <-- " + send);
                out.println(send);
                if (scan.hasNextLine()) {
                    String get = scan.nextLine();
                    if (get != null) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "%[Client1 get] --> " + get);
                    }
                }
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }).start();


        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                Socket client = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8080);
                Scanner scan = new Scanner(client.getInputStream());
                PrintStream out = new PrintStream(client.getOutputStream());

                String send = "Hello World!";
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "%[Client2 send] <-- " + send);
                out.println(send);
                if (scan.hasNextLine()) {
                    String get = scan.nextLine();
                    if (get != null) {
                        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "%[Client2 get] --> " + get);
                    }
                }
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }).start();


    }
}

2.UDP

1.客户端

package com.learn.example1.udp;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

/**
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class ClientUdp {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //实例化一个客户端,监听8080端口
        DatagramSocket client = new DatagramSocket(8080);
        byte[] data = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data,0,data.length);
        //等待接收消息
        client.receive(packet);
        System.out.println("[UDP Client get]" + new String(data));
        client.close();
    }
}

2.服务器

package com.learn.example1.udp;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;

/**
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class ServerUdp {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //实例化服务器,这里的端口号是服务器的端口号
        DatagramSocket server = new DatagramSocket(8081);
        String send = "Hello World!";
        //byte buf[], int offset, int length,InetAddress address, int port
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(
                send.getBytes(),//发送的数据
                send.length(),//数据长度
                InetAddress.getLocalHost(),//发送的地址
                8080//发送的端口号
                );
        //发送数据包
        server.send(packet);
        server.close();
    }
}

3.运行结果

//客户端
[UDP Client get]Hello World!                                                                           
进程已结束，退出代码 0

//服务器因为没有打印东西
进程已结束，退出代码 0