string 类

#include
#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
using namespace std;

namespace bit
{
class string
{
public:
typedef char* iterator;
string(const char* str = “”)
{
_size = strlen(str);
_capacity = _size;
_str = new char[strlen(str) + 1];
strcpy(_str, str);
}
string(const string& s)
:_str(nullptr)
,_size(0)
,_capacity(0)
{
string tmp(s._str);
this->swap(tmp);
}
string& operator=(const string& s)
{
if (this != &s)
{
string temp(s);
this->swap(temp);
}
return this;
}
~string()
{
if (_str)
{
delete[] _str;
_str = nullptr;
}
}
iterator begin()
{
return _str;
}
iterator end()
{
return _str + _size;
}
void push_back(char c)
{
if (_size == _capacity)
reserve(_capacity * 2);
_str[_size++] = c;
_str[_size] = ‘/0’;
}
string& operator+=(char c)
{
push_back©;
return this;
}
void append(const char str)
{
int len = strlen(str);
if (_size + len > _capacity)
{
reserve(_size + len);
}
strcpy(_str + len, str);
_size += len;
}
string& operator+=(const char str)
{
append(str);
return this;
}
void clear()
{
_size = 0;
_str[_size] = ‘\0’;
}
void swap(string& s)
{
std::swap(_str, s._str);
std::swap(_size, s._size);
std::swap(_capacity, s._capacity);
}
const char C_Str() const
{
return _str;
}
size_t size() const
{
return _size;
}
size_t capacity() const
{
return _capacity;
}
bool empty() const
{
return _size == 0;
}
void resize(size_t newSize, char c = ‘\0’)
{
if (newSize > _size)
{
if (newSize > _capacity)
{
reserve(newSize);
}
memset(_str + _size,c,newSize-_size);
}
_size = newSize;
_str[newSize] = ‘\0’;
}
void reserve(size_t newCapacity)
{
if (newCapacity > _capacity)
{
char* str = new char[newCapacity + 1];
strcpy(str, _str);
delete[] _str;
_str = str;
_capacity = newCapacity;
}
}
bool operator<(const string& s)const
{
int res = strcmp(_str, s._str);
{
if (res < 0)
return true;
return false;
}
}
bool operator<=(const string& s)const
{
return !(*this > s);
}

	bool operator>(const string& s)const
	{
		int res = strcmp(_str, s._str);
		if (res > 0)
		{
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}
	bool operator>=(const string& s)const
	{
		return !(*this < s);
	}
	bool operator==(const string& s)const
	{
		int res = strcmp(_str, s._str);
		if (res == 0)
			return true;
		return false;
	}
	bool operator!=(const string& s)const
	{
		return !(*this == s);
	}
	//返回c在string中第一次出现的位置
	size_t find(char c, size_t pos = 0)const
	{
		for(size_t i = pos;i < _size;i++)
		{
			if (_str[i] == c)
				return i;
		}
		return -1;
	}
	//返回子串s在string中第一次出现的位置
	size_t find(const char* s, size_t pos = 0)const
	{
		assert(s);
		assert(pos < _size);
		const char* src = _str + pos;
		while (*src)
		{
			const char* match = s;
			const char* cur = src;
			while (*match&&*match == *cur)
			{
				match++;
				cur++;
			}
			if (*match == '\0')
			{
				return src - _str;
			}
			else
			{
				src++;
			}
		}
		return -1;
	}
	//在pos位置上插入字符c字符串str，并返回该字符的位置
	string& insert(size_t pos, char c)
	{
		assert(pos <= _size);
			if (_size > _capacity)
			{
				//扩容
				char* newstr = new char[_capacity * 2 + 1];
				strcpy(newstr, _str);
				delete[] _str;
				_str = newstr;
				_capacity *= 2;
			}
		//移数据
		for (int i = _size; i > (int)pos; i--)
		{
			_str[i + 1] = _str[i];
		}
		_str[pos] = c;
		_size++;
		return *this;
	}
	string& insert(size_t pos, const char* str)
	{
		size_t len = strlen(str);
		if (_size + len > _capacity)
		{
			//扩容
			char* newstr = new char[_capacity * 2 + 1];
			strcpy(newstr, _str);
			delete[] _str;
			_str = newstr;
			_capacity *= 2;
		}
		//后移数据
		for (int i = _size; i >= (int)pos; i--)
		{
			_str[len + 1] = _str[i];
		}
		//拷贝字符串
		while (*str != '\0')
		{
			_str[pos++] = *str++;
		}
		_size += len;
		return *this;
	}
	//删除pos位置上的元素，并返回该元素的下一个位置
	string& erase(size_t pos, size_t len)
	{
		assert(pos < _size);
			if (pos + len >= _size)
			{
				_str[pos] = '\0';
				_size = pos;
			}
			else
			{
				strcpy(_str + pos, _str + pos + len);
					_size = len;
			}
		return *this;
	}

private:
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& _cout, const bit::string& s);
friend istream& operator>>(istream& _cin, bit::string& s);
private:
char* _str;
size_t _capacity;
size_t _size;
};
};

istream& bit::operator>>(istream&_cin, bit::string& s)
{
//预分配100个空间
char* str = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)100);
char buf = str;
int i = 1;
//预处理：跳过流里面的所有空格和回车
while ((*buf = getchar()) == ’ '|| (*buf == ‘\n’));
for (;; i++)
{
if (*buf == ‘\n’)
{
*buf = ‘\0’;
break;
}
else if (*buf == ’ ')
{
buf = ‘\0’;
break;
}
else if (i % 100 == 0)
{
i += 100;//追加100个空间
str = (char)realloc(str, i);
}
else//每次getchar()一个值
{
buf = (str + i);//为了避免realloc返回首地址地址改变，不适用++buf,而是用str加上偏移
//每次读取一个字符
*buf = getchar();
}
}
//输入完成 更新s
s._str = str;
s._capacity = s._size = i;
return _cin;
}
ostream& bit::operator<<(ostream& _cout,const bit::string& s)
{
for (size_t i=0; i < s.size(); i++)
{
_cout << s[i];
}
return _cout;
}