Spring配置数据源

Spring配置数据源

1.1数据源（连接池）的作用

• 数据源就是提高程序性能出现的
• 事先实例化数据源，初始化部分连接资源
• 使用连接资源时从数据源中获取
• 使用完毕后将连接资源归还数据源

常见的数据源（连接池）：DBCP,C3P0,BoneCP,Druid;

1.2数据源的开发步骤

1. 导入数据源的坐标和数据库驱动坐标
2. 创建数据源的对象
3. 设置数据源的基本连接数据（驱动、地址、数据库连接名、密码）
4. 使用数据源获取链接资源和归还连接资源

1.3手动配置数据源

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
    <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.1.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

test.java

public class DataSourceTest {

    @Test
    //测试手动创建c3p0数据源
    public void test1() throws Exception {
        //1 创建数据源
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
        dataSource.setUser("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("123456");

        Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(conn);

        conn.close();

    }

    @Test
    //测试手动创建druid数据源
    public void test2() throws Exception {
        DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
        dataSource.setUsername("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("123456");

        DruidPooledConnection conn = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(conn);
        conn.close();
    }

    @Test
    //测试手动创建c3p0数据源(加载配置文件形式）
    public void test3() throws Exception {

        //读取配置文件,抽取配置文件，方便解耦
        ResourceBundle resourceBundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("jdbc");
        String driver = resourceBundle.getString("jdbc.driver");
        String url = resourceBundle.getString("jdbc.url");
        String username = resourceBundle.getString("jdbc.username");
        String pwd = resourceBundle.getString("jdbc.password");
        //1 创建数据源对象
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClass(driver);
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
        dataSource.setUser(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(pwd);
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
    }
}

1.4 Spring配置数据源

引入spring的相关坐标

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

再resource下创建并编写配置文件

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

注意，这里属性property中的name是前面手动配置中set方法的相应值（首字母小写）；一定要与set方法名一致；

直接点击ComboPooledDataSource复制其全限定名；

测试类

@Test
    //spring容器去产生数据源对象
    public void test4() throws SQLException {
        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//        app.getBean("dataSource");
        DataSource dataSource = app.getBean(DataSource.class);
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();

    }

1.5 抽取jdbc配置文件

applicationContext.xml加载jdbc.properties配置文件获取连接信息

• 引入命名空间

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation=
               "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"
        >

• 读取配置文件

<!--    加载外部的properties文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>