Date类

日期类

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Date {
public:  
    //将输入输出重载函数定义为友元函数,该函数才能访问该类的成员及数据
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& _cout, const Date& d);
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& _cin, Date& d);
	//全缺省的默认构造函数
	Date(int year = 1900, int month = 1, int day = 1) 
	{
	    //若日期不符合要求置为默认值1-1-1
		if (year<1||month<1||month>12||day <1 || (day > getMonthday(year,month)))
		{
			_year = 1;
			_month = 1;
			_day = 1;
			cout << "你输入的日期有误,已重置为默认值1-1-1" << endl;
		}
		else
		{
			_year = year;
			_month = month;
			_day = day;
		}
	}
	//拷贝构造函数,利用初始化列表进行拷贝,提高效率
	Date(const Date& d) 
		:_year(d._year)
		, _month(d._month)
		, _day(d._day)
	{
	}
	//赋值操作符重载
	Date& operator=(const Date& d) {
		if (this != &d) {
			_year = d._year;
			_month = d._month;
			_day = d._day;
		}
		return *this;
	}
	//+=操作符重载
	Date operator+=(int days) 
	{
	//如果days为负,则加一个负数等于减去一个正数,
	//直接调用重载过的-=
		if (days < 0)
			return *this -= (-days);
		_day += days;
		while (_day> getMonthday(_year, _month))
		{
			    _day = _day - getMonthday(_year, _month);
				_month += 1;
				if (_month > 12)
				{
					_year += 1;
					_month = 1;
				}
		}
		return *this;
	}
	//-=操作符重载
	Date operator-=(int days) 
	{
		if (days < 0)
			return *this += (-days);
		_day -= days;
		while(_day <= 0) 
		{
			_month -= 1;
			if (_month <= 0)
			{
				_year -= 1;
				_month = 12;
				if (_year <= 0)
				{
					_year = 1;
					_month = 1;
					_day = 1;
				}
			}
				_day = getMonthday(_year,_month)+ _day;
		}
	return *this;
    }
    //计算当前对象(this*)与d对象之间相差的天数
int operator-(const Date& d)
{
	Date min, max;
	int flag=0;
	int count = 0;
	if (*this > d)
	{
		min = d;
		max = *this;
		flag = 1;
	}
	else if (*this < d)
	{
		min = *this;
		max = d;
		flag = -1;
	}
	else 
	{
		return 0;
	}
	while (max > min)
	{
		--max;
		count++;
	}
	return count*flag;
}
//++x
Date& operator++() 
{
	*this += 1;
	return *this;
}
//x++
Date operator++(int)
{
	Date tmp = *this;
	*this += 1;
	return tmp;
}
//--x
Date& operator--() 
{
	*this -= 1;
	return *this;
}
//x--
Date operator--(int) {
	Date tmp = *this;
	*this -= 1;
	return tmp;
}
bool operator>(const Date& d)const 
{
	if (_year > d._year)
		return true;
	if (_year < d._year)
		return false;
	if (_month > d._month)
		return true;
	if (_month < d._month)
		return false;
	if (_day > d._day)
		return true;
	if (_day < d._day)
		return false;
	return false;
}
bool operator>=(const Date& d)const 
{
	return (*this > d) || *this == d;
}
bool operator<(const Date& d)const 
{
	return !(*this >= d);
}
bool operator<=(const Date& d)const 
{
	return (*this < d) || *this == d;
}
bool operator==(const Date& d)const 
{
	return _day == d._day && _month == d._month && _day == d._day;
}
bool operator!=(const Date& d)const
{
	return _day != d._day && _month != d._month && _day != d._day;
}
//获取当前月份的天数
int getMonthday(int year,int month) 
{
	int m = 0;
	int a[] = { 31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31 };
	if ((year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0)) {
		if (month == 2) {
		//若为闰年2月加一天
		return a[month - 1] + 1;
	}
	}
		return a[month - 1];
}
private:    
	int _year;    
	int _month;    
	int _day;
};
//输出操作符重载
ostream& operator<<(ostream& _cout, const Date& d)
{
	cout << d._year << '-' << d._month << '-' << d._day << endl;
	return cout;
}
//输入操作符重载
istream& operator>>(istream& _cin, Date& d)
{
	cin >> d._year >> d._month >> d._day;
	return cin;
}
//测试函数
void testdate() {
	Date d;
	cout << d;
	cin >> d;
	cout << d;
	Date d1(2019,10, 28);
	cout << d1;
	cout << (d1 < d)<<endl;
	d1 += 15;
	cout << d1;
	d1 -= 15;
	cout << d1;
	cout << d-d1;
}
int main() {
	testdate();
	return 0;
}