C++11多线程

线程的一些基本操作

#include<iostream>
#include<thread>
using namespace std;

#include<mutex>
mutex mt;
timed_mutex mt2;
void fun1(string str)
{
	cout << str <<endl;
}

void fun2(int &a)
{
	cout << a<< endl;
}

int a = 0;
void fun3()
{
	for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
	{
		mt.lock();
		a++;
		mt.unlock();
	}
}
int main()
{
	创建线程
	//thread t1(fun1,"okok");
	等这个子线程结束主程序才继续执行，join是阻塞的
	t1.join();
	主程序return后子线程后台运行
	t1.detach();
	//if(t1.joinable())
	//	t1.join();//判断是否可调用join(),如果不用可能会报错system_error,严谨的项目中会使用joiable()


	/*int i = 1;
	thread t1(fun2, ref(i));
	t1.join();*/


	/*thread t1(fun3);
	thread t2(fun3);
	t1.join();
	t2.join();
	cout << a;*/

	//lock_guard自动对mt加锁，作用域结束调用析构函数时自动解锁
	//lock_guard<mutex> lg(mt);

	//this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::seconds(10));//休眠
	//unique_lock<timed_mutex> lg(mt2,defer_lock);
	//lg.try_lock_for(chrono::seconds(5));


	return 0;
}

生产者消费者问题

condition_variable条件变量

#include<iostream>
#include<thread>
#include<mutex>
#include<condition_variable>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;

queue<int> que;
condition_variable cv;
mutex mt;

void Producer()
{
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		{			
			unique_lock<mutex> lock(mt);
			que.push(i);
			cout << "prouce : " << i << endl;
			cv.notify_one();
		}
		this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::microseconds(100));
	}
}

void Consumer()
{
	while (1)
	{
		unique_lock<mutex> lock(mt);
		cv.wait(lock, []() {return !que.empty(); });
		int v = que.front();
		que.pop();
		cout << "consume : " << v << endl;
	}
}

int main()
{
	thread t1(Producer);
	thread t2(Consumer);
	t1.join();
	t2.join();
	
	return 0;
}

原子变量

#include<atomic>
//原子变量,不需要再加锁，会提升效率
atomic<int> n;