七.检验成果：Mnist数据集和Fashion数据集

强化六步法的使用，分别用sequential和class方法来搭建网络模型

一.mnist数据集

import tensorflow as tf
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

# 6万张28*28图片训练，1万张测试
mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()

# 可视化训练集输入特征的第一个元素
plt.imshow(x_train[0], cmap='gray')  # 绘制灰度图
plt.show()

# 打印出训练集输入特征的第一个元素
print("x_train[0]:\n", x_train[0])
# 打印出训练集标签的第一个元素
print("y_train[0]:\n", y_train[0])

# 打印出整个训练集输入特征形状
print("x_train.shape:\n", x_train.shape)
# 打印出整个训练集标签的形状
print("y_train.shape:\n", y_train.shape)
# 打印出整个测试集输入特征的形状
print("x_test.shape:\n", x_test.shape)
# 打印出整个测试集标签的形状
print("y_test.shape:\n", y_test.shape)

二.用sequential方法搭建网络训练Mnist数据集

import tensorflow as tf

mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0  # 归一化，变成0～1之间

model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
    tf.keras.layers.Flatten(),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(10, activation='softmax')
])

model.compile(optimizer='adam',
              loss=tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=False),  # softmax让输出符合概率分布了
              metrics=['sparse_categorical_accuracy'])  # 数据集标签为数值，神经网络输出y是概率分布

model.fit(x_train, y_train, batch_size=32, epochs=5, validation_data=(x_test, y_test), validation_freq=1)
model.summary()

三.用class方法搭建网络训练Mnist数据集

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Dense, Flatten
from tensorflow.keras import Model

mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0


class MnistModel(Model):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MnistModel, self).__init__()
        self.flatten = Flatten()
        self.d1 = Dense(128, activation='relu')
        self.d2 = Dense(10, activation='softmax')

    def call(self, x):
        x = self.flatten(x)
        x = self.d1(x)
        y = self.d2(x)
        return y


model = MnistModel()

model.compile(optimizer='adam',
              loss=tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=False),
              metrics=['sparse_categorical_accuracy'])

model.fit(x_train, y_train, batch_size=32, epochs=5, validation_data=(x_test, y_test), validation_freq=1)
model.summary()

四.用sequential方法搭建网络训练Fashion数据集

import tensorflow as tf

# 6万张28*28像素点的衣裤训练，一万张测试
fashion = tf.keras.datasets.fashion_mnist
(x_train, y_train),(x_test, y_test) = fashion.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0

model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
    tf.keras.layers.Flatten(),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(10, activation='softmax')
])

model.compile(optimizer='adam',
              loss=tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=False),
              metrics=['sparse_categorical_accuracy'])

model.fit(x_train, y_train, batch_size=32, epochs=5, validation_data=(x_test, y_test), validation_freq=1)
model.summary()

五.用class方法搭建网络训练Fashion数据集

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Dense, Flatten
from tensorflow.keras import Model

fashion = tf.keras.datasets.fashion_mnist
(x_train, y_train),(x_test, y_test) = fashion.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0


class MnistModel(Model):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MnistModel, self).__init__()
        self.flatten = Flatten()
        self.d1 = Dense(128, activation='relu')
        self.d2 = Dense(10, activation='softmax')

    def call(self, x):
        x = self.flatten(x)
        x = self.d1(x)
        y = self.d2(x)
        return y


model = MnistModel()

model.compile(optimizer='adam',
              loss=tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=False),
              metrics=['sparse_categorical_accuracy'])

model.fit(x_train, y_train, batch_size=32, epochs=5, validation_data=(x_test, y_test), validation_freq=1)
model.summary()