Android学习之--------HTTP学习

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-21 16:57:43 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-05-21 16:57:43 发布

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分类专栏： Android学习

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45365635/article/details/98242283

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HTTP

一. http协议介绍:

在这里插入图片描述

二.请求协议和响应协议

请求协议：
①请求首行：
②请求头信息：客户端告诉服务器我这边的信息
③空行
④请求体：get请求是没有请求体的
响应协议：
①响应首行：HTTP/1.1 200 OK
②响应头信息:Content-Length 服务器返回数据的总大小
③空行
④响应体：服务器返回的数据

七.代码：文件的上传和下载(重点)

package com.example.post;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button btn1;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},100);

        btn1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn1);




    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode==100&&grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            btn1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    new Thread(){
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            super.run();
                            upLoad();
                        }
                    }.start();

                }
            });
        }
    }
    

    private void upLoad() {
        String start="--";
        String bound="****"+System.currentTimeMillis();
        String end="\r\n";
        //mnt/she/sdcard/e...0/http.text
        String filename= Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/http.txt";

        try {
            URL url = new URL("http://172.20.10.2:8080/test/");
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
                connection.setDoOutput(true);
                connection.setDoInput(true);


                connection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "keep-alive");
                connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","multipart/form-data"+":boundary="+bound);

               DataOutputStream outputStream=new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
//                OutputStream outputStream = connection.getOutputStream();

                /**
                 * 設置請求頭請求體
                 * */


                StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
                stringBuffer.append(start+bound+end);
                stringBuffer.append("Content-Disposition:form-data:name=\"file\":filename=\""+filename+"\""+end);
                stringBuffer.append("Content-Type:multipart/form-data"+end);
                stringBuffer.append(end);

                outputStream.write(stringBuffer.toString().getBytes());


                FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(new File(filename));
                int len=0;
                byte[] bytes=new byte[1024];
                while ((len=fileInputStream.read(bytes))!=-1){
                    outputStream.write(new String(bytes,0,len).getBytes());
                }



                outputStream.write(end.getBytes());




        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

代码：文件的上传activity代码

package com.example.day001;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;

public class Main3Activity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button buttonid;

    private static final String TAG = "Main3Activity";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main3);


        buttonid = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonid);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=Build.VERSION_CODES.M){
            requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},101);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode==101&&grantResults[0]== PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            click(buttonid);
        }
    }

    //上传
    private void upload() {
        String start="--";//起始
        String boundary="*****";//分割
        String end="\r\n";//结束
        String filename = "/mnt/sdcard/uri.txt";
        Log.i(TAG, "upload: "+Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory());
        try {
            URL url = new URL("http://169.254.152.180/test/");
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setDoOutput(true);

            //设置请求头
            connection.setRequestProperty("Connection","Keep-Alive");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","multipart/form-data;boundary"+boundary);

            DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
            OutputStream outputStream = connection.getOutputStream();

            //设置请求头 请求体
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
            sb.append(start+boundary+end);
            sb.append("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"file\";filename=\""+filename+"\""+end);//文件地址
            sb.append("Content-Type:multipart/form-data/"+end);
            sb.append(end);//空行

            outputStream.write(sb.toString().getBytes());

            //写内容
            FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(new File(filename));//读那个文件
            int len=0;
            byte[] b=new byte[1024];
            while ((len=fileInputStream.read(b))!=-1){
                outputStream.write(new String(b,0,len).getBytes());
            }
            fileInputStream.close();
            //
            outputStream.write(end.getBytes());

        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void click(View view) {
        new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                super.run();
                upload();
            }
        }.start();
    }
}

上传的xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".Main3Activity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/buttonid"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="上传"
        android:onClick="click"
        />
</LinearLayout>

文件的下载

在这里插入图片描述

下载成功后打开的效果

在这里插入图片描述

Activity中的代码

package com.example.day001;

import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;

public class Main4Activity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ProgressBar pro;
    private Button start;
    private Button stop;
    private int end=0;//结束
    private static final String TAG = "Main4Activity";
    private Handler handler=new Handler(){
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            if (msg.what==100){
                Toast.makeText(Main4Activity.this, "下载完毕", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }else if (msg.what==101){
                pro.setMax(msg.arg1);//设置进度条最大值的
                Log.i(TAG, "handleMessage: "+msg.arg1);
            }else if (msg.what==102){
                pro.setProgress(msg.arg1);//更新进度
            }
        }
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main4);
        pro = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.pro);
        start = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start);
        stop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.stop);

        start.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                new Thread(){
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        super.run();
                        getLength("http://uvideo.spriteapp.cn/video/2019/0512/56488d0a-7465-11e9-b91b-1866daeb0df1_wpd.mp4");
                        download("http://uvideo.spriteapp.cn/video/2019/0512/56488d0a-7465-11e9-b91b-1866daeb0df1_wpd.mp4");
                    }
                }.start();

            }
        });
    }
    //获得文件总长度
    public void getLength(String url){
        try {
            URL url1 = new URL(url);
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();
            if (connection.getResponseCode()==200){
                end = connection.getContentLength();//这个是文件最大值
                //是为了给进度条来设置
                Message message = new Message();
                message.what=101;
                message.arg1=end;
                handler.sendMessage(message);
            }
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //断点下载-更新进度-分批保存
    public void download(String url){
        int start=0;//开始
        int sum=0;//累积长度
        try {
            URL url1 = new URL(url);
            //真实长度是len,1024
            String filepath="/mnt/sdcard"+"/a1705";
            Log.i(TAG, "download: "+filepath);
            //Fileoutputstream不能分批次写入文件
            RandomAccessFile file=new RandomAccessFile(filepath,"rw");
            file.seek(start);//0开始
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();
            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Range","bytes="+start+"-"+end);//0-1024下载的范围
            if (connection.getResponseCode()==206){//断点下载的正常ok响应码206 普通是200
                InputStream inputStream=connection.getInputStream();
                int len=0;
                byte[] b=new byte[2048];
                while ((len=inputStream.read(b))!=-1){
                    file.write(b,0,len);//写文件内容
                    sum+=len;//记录是否完成更新进度
                    Message message = new Message();
                    message.what=102;
                    message.arg1=sum;
                    handler.sendMessage(message);
                    if (sum==end){
                       handler.sendEmptyMessage(100);
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

文件下载的xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".Main4Activity">

    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/pro"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/start"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="开始"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/stop"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="暂停"
        />
</LinearLayout>

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Android学习之--------HTTP学习

Day1一. http协议介绍:二.请求协议和响应协议请求协议：①请求首行：②请求头信息：客户端告诉服务器我这边的信息③空行④请求体：get请求是没有请求体的响应协议：①响应首行：HTTP/1.1 200 OK②响应头信息:Content-Length 服务器返回数据的总大小③空行④响应体：服务器返回的数据七.代码：文件的上传和下载(重点)package com.ex...
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