ImportError: libmysqlclient.so.20: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Django项目启动时ImportError: libmysqlclient.so.20: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

• 问题描述

  1. 虚拟环境中已经安装了mysqlclient（官方推荐，替换pymysql）

  2. python manage.py runserver 时报错

     [2021-04-16 15:13:00 +0800] [4321] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 4321)
     [2021-04-16 15:13:01 +0800] [4322] [ERROR] Exception in worker process
     Traceback (most recent call last):
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 18, in <module>
         from . import _mysql
     ImportError: libmysqlclient.so.20: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
     
     During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
     
     Traceback (most recent call last):
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 583, in spawn_worker
         worker.init_process()
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/gthread.py", line 92, in init_process
         super().init_process()
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 119, in init_process
         self.load_wsgi()
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 144, in load_wsgi
         self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi()
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 67, in wsgi
         self.callable = self.load()
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 49, in load
         return self.load_wsgiapp()
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 39, in load_wsgiapp
         return util.import_app(self.app_uri)
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 358, in import_app
         mod = importlib.import_module(module)
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
         return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
       File "/home/prod/deploys/wgls/wsgi.py", line 16, in <module>
         application = get_wsgi_application()
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 12, in get_wsgi_application
         django.setup(set_prefix=False)
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
         apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 114, in populate
         app_config.import_models()
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 211, in import_models
         self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
         return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
       File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 2, in <module>
         from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 47, in <module>
         class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 117, in __new__
         new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 321, in add_to_class
         value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 204, in contribute_to_class
         self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 28, in __getattr__
         return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 201, in __getitem__
         backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 110, in load_backend
         return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
         return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 15, in <module>
         import MySQLdb as Database
       File "/home/prod/.virtualenvs/wgls/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
         version_info, _mysql.version_info, _mysql.__file__
     NameError: name '_mysql' is not defined
     

• 解决方案

  pip uninstall mysqlclient
  pip install -r requirements.txt