使用UDP协议写最简单的回显服务器

server
服务端需实现三步：
1.读取请求并解析
2.根据请求计算响应
3.把响应写回给客户端

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;
public class UdpEchoServer {
    private DatagramSocket socket = null;

    public UdpEchoServer(int port) throws SocketException {
        socket = new DatagramSocket(port);
    }

    public void start() throws IOException {
        System.out.println("服务器启动");
        while(true){
            //1.读取请求并解析
            DatagramPacket requestPacket = new DatagramPacket(new byte[4096],4096);//缓冲区
            socket.receive(requestPacket);//一旦客户端有请求，将请求写入requestPacket的缓冲区里
            String request = new String(requestPacket.getData(),0,requestPacket.getLength()).trim();
            //2.根据请求计算响应
            String response = process(request);
            //3.把响应写回给客户端，响应数据是response,需要包装成一个Packet对象
            DatagramPacket responsePacket = new DatagramPacket(response.getBytes(),response.getBytes().length,
                    requestPacket.getSocketAddress());
            socket.send(responsePacket);
        }
    }
    public String process(String request){
        //此处是最简单的回显服务器，process方法只需原样返回传入的数据
        return request;
    }
}

client
客户端主要流程分四步
1.从用户这里读取输入的数据
2.构造请求发给服务器
3.从服务器读取响应
4.把响应写回给客户端

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class UdpEchoClient {

    private DatagramSocket socket = null;
    private String serverIp;
    private int serverPort;

    //需要在启动客户端时来指定连接哪个服务器
    public UdpEchoClient( String serverIp, int serverPort) throws SocketException {
        this.socket = socket;
        this.serverIp = serverIp;
        socket = new DatagramSocket();
    }

    public void start() throws IOException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        while(true){
            // 1.读取用户输入
            System.out.print("->");
            String request = scanner.nextLine();
            if(request.equals("exit")){
                break;
            }
            //2.构造请求发送给服务器
            DatagramPacket requestPacket = new DatagramPacket(request.getBytes(),
                    request.getBytes().length, InetAddress.getByName(serverIp),serverPort);
            socket.send(requestPacket);
            //3.从服务器读取响应
            DatagramPacket responsePacket = new DatagramPacket(new byte[4096],4096);
            socket.receive(requestPacket);
            String response = new String(responsePacket.getData(),0,responsePacket.getLength());
            //4.显示响应数据
            System.out.println(response);
        }
    }
}