以太坊笔记：从零开始到签名合同的helloworld

建一个空的project
mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.test -DartifactId=metacoinJava -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false

加入web3j的依赖

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.web3j</groupId>
  <artifactId>core</artifactId>
  <version>4.8.4</version>
</dependency> 

下载 web3j-cli
https://github.com/web3j/web3j-cli
配置到环境变量,验证下应该出现如下提示

D:\workspace\metacoin>web3j generate  --help
           _      _____ _
             | |    |____ (_)
__      _____| |__      / /_
\ \ /\ / / _ \ '_ \     \ \ |
 \ V  V /  __/ |_) |.___/ / |
  \_/\_/ \___|_.__/ \____/| |
                         _/ |
                        |__/
by Web3Labs
web3j generate [OPTIONS] [COMMAND]
Description:
Generate Wrappers or Tests

通过npm安装truffle ganache-cli solc
npm install -g truffle
npm install -g ganache-cli
npm install -g solc

然后下载一个简单的合约项目，自己建合约项目会花一点时间，直接用教程提供的合约会比较简单

truffle unbox metacoin

启动 ganache-cli -l 2000000000000
在truffle-config.js里面改network dev,
truffle migrate --network dev

用以下命令生成java的wrapper class
web3j generate truffle -t=build\contracts\MetaCoin.json -p=com.test -o=java
找到java目录下的 MetaCoin，拷贝到刚刚的mvn 项目
记得加上如下

<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8697513/why-do-i-get-must-override-a-superclass-method-with-override

In Java 5, the @Override annotation requires that the method is actually overriding a method in a superclass.

In Java 6 and later, the @Override annotation will also be satisfied if the method is implementing an abstract method in a superclass or interface.

打开truffle console --network dev
var acc = await web3.eth.accounts.create();
console.log(acc)

D:\workspace\metacoin>truffle console  --network dev
truffle(dev)> var acc = await web3.eth.accounts.create();
undefined
truffle(dev)> console.log(acc)
{
  address: '0xB3B5c03054ECF1691A3E1889E90d2F4930b31e40',
  privateKey: '0x9905450c0112f9bddc12778aab1b060c7491d94c0bb4c669c46d1896845bde90',
  signTransaction: [Function: signTransaction],
  sign: [Function: sign],
  encrypt: [Function: encrypt]
}
undefined
truffle(dev)>

保存下私钥

	public static String address = "0xB3B5c03054ECF1691A3E1889E90d2F4930b31e40";
	public static String privateKey = "0x9905450c0112f9bddc12778aab1b060c7491d94c0bb4c669c46d1896845bde90";

	public static BigInteger getBalance(Web3j web3j, String fromAddress) {
		BigInteger balance = null;
		try {
			EthGetBalance ethGetBalance = web3j.ethGetBalance(fromAddress, DefaultBlockParameterName.PENDING).send();
			balance = ethGetBalance.getBalance();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println("address " + fromAddress + " balance " + balance + " wei");
		return balance;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("Hello World!");
		Web3j web3j = Web3j.build(new HttpService("http://localhost:8545"));
		Credentials credentials = Credentials.create(privateKey);
		System.out.println("Address:" + credentials.getAddress());
		System.out.println("Balance:" + getBalance(web3j,credentials.getAddress()));

	}

可以看到账户是没有钱的

Hello World!
SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
Address:0xb3b5c03054ecf1691a3e1889e90d2f4930b31e40
address 0xb3b5c03054ecf1691a3e1889e90d2f4930b31e40 balance 0 wei
Balance:0

找几个可用账号

truffle(dev)> var accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts();
undefined
truffle(dev)> accounts[0]
'0x90Af934A1675e8dB26389406B5f5a651eB47FB18'
truffle(dev)>

truffle(dev)> var rec= await instance.sendCoin('0xB3B5c03054ECF1691A3E1889E90d2F4930b31e40',500)
undefined
truffle(dev)> var balance = await instance.getBalance('0xB3B5c03054ECF1691A3E1889E90d2F4930b31e40')
undefined
truffle(dev)> balance.toNumber()
500
truffle(dev)> var balance = await instance.getBalance('0x90Af934A1675e8dB26389406B5f5a651eB47FB18')
undefined
truffle(dev)> balance.toNumber()
9500

可以看到account[0] 少了500
记下contract 的address

truffle(dev)> console.log(instance.address)
0xE900939B709321b27afD5Bbe1E9b4213085463cF
undefined

现在用java的两种方式来实现它

	public static Function getContractSenCoin(String receiver, BigInteger amount) {
        final org.web3j.abi.datatypes.Function function = new org.web3j.abi.datatypes.Function(
        		MetaCoin.FUNC_SENDCOIN, 
                Arrays.<Type>asList(new org.web3j.abi.datatypes.Address(receiver), 
                new org.web3j.abi.datatypes.generated.Uint256(amount)), 
                Collections.<TypeReference<?>>emptyList());
        return function;
	}

	public static RawTransaction createRawtransaction(Web3j web3j,Credentials credentials, Function function,String contracAddress) throws IOException {
		EthGetTransactionCount ethGetTransactionCount = 
				web3j.ethGetTransactionCount(credentials.getAddress(),DefaultBlockParameterName.LATEST).send();
		BigInteger nonce = ethGetTransactionCount.getTransactionCount();
		StaticGasProvider gasProvider = new StaticGasProvider(BigInteger.valueOf(0),BigInteger.valueOf(20000000));
		String encodedData = FunctionEncoder.encode(function);
		RawTransaction rawTransaction = RawTransaction.createTransaction(nonce, BigInteger.ZERO,gasProvider.getGasLimit(function.getName()),
				contracAddress,BigInteger.ZERO, encodedData);
		return rawTransaction;
	}
	public static void signAndSendRawTransaction(Web3j web3j,Credentials credentials,RawTransaction rawTransaction) throws IOException {
		byte[] signedMessage = TransactionEncoder.signMessage(rawTransaction, credentials);
		String hexValue = Numeric.toHexString(signedMessage);
		EthSendTransaction ethSendTransaction = web3j.ethSendRawTransaction(hexValue).send();
		String transactionHash = ethSendTransaction.getTransactionHash();
		System.out.println("transactionHash:" + transactionHash);
		Optional<TransactionReceipt> receipt = null;
		do {
			System.out.println("checking if transaction "+transactionHash+" is mined....");
			EthGetTransactionReceipt rsp = web3j.ethGetTransactionReceipt(transactionHash).send();
			receipt = rsp.getTransactionReceipt();
		}while(!receipt.isPresent());
	}

调用

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		System.out.println("Hello World!");
		Web3j web3j = Web3j.build(new HttpService("http://localhost:8545"));
		Credentials credentials = Credentials.create(privateKey);
		System.out.println("Address:" + credentials.getAddress());
		System.out.println("Balance:" + getBalance(web3j,credentials.getAddress()));
		Function function = getContractSenCoin(orgaddress,BigInteger.valueOf(1));
		RawTransaction rawtransaction = App.createRawtransaction(web3j, credentials, function, contractAddress);
		App.signAndSendRawTransaction(web3j, credentials, rawtransaction);

	}

查看

truffle(dev)> var balance = await instance.getBalance('0x90Af934A1675e8dB26389406B5f5a651eB47FB18')
undefined
truffle(dev)> balance.toNumber()
9501

可以看到放回一个coin

第二种比较简单

		TransactionManager txManager = new FastRawTransactionManager(web3j,credentials);
		StaticGasProvider gasProvider = new StaticGasProvider(BigInteger.valueOf(0),BigInteger.valueOf(20000000));
		MetaCoin instance = MetaCoin.load(contractAddress, web3j, txManager, gasProvider);
		TransactionReceipt receipt = instance.sendCoin(orgaddress, BigInteger.valueOf(1)).send();
		System.out.println("receipt:"+receipt);
		BigInteger cb = instance.getBalance(orgaddress).send();
		System.out.println("Private Balance:"+cb);
		BigInteger cb1 = instance.getBalance(credentials.getAddress()).send();
		System.out.println("Private Balance:"+cb1);