2021.5.30二重指针、offsetof、container_of宏测试

二重指针、offsetof、container_of宏测试

#include <stdio.h>

//offsetof 与 container_of的定义
#define OFFSETOF(TYPE, MEMBER)  ( (int) &(((TYPE *)0)->MEMBER) )
#define CONTAINER_OF(PTR,TYPE,MEMBER)                 \
({    											      \
	const typeof(((TYPE *)0)->MEMBER) * _P = (PTR);   \
	(TYPE *)((char *)_P - OFFSETOF(TYPE,MEMBER));     \
})


//（测试offsetof偏移量和container_of结构体首地址）的结构体
struct Student
{
	char a;
	int  b;
	short c;
	char  d;
};



int main()
{
	//【1】测试二重指针
	int a = 12;
	int b = 13;
	int c = 14;
	int d = 15;
	int *pInt[]   = {&a, &b, &c ,&d};
	int **pINT2 = pInt;
	
	char *pChar[] = {"ni","hao","bu","ma"};
	char *(*pCA)[] = &pChar;
	char **pCHA = (char **)pCA;//或者char **ppCHA =*pCA;
	/*【1】为什么对数组指针解引用就是普通指针呢
	 *这个简单，数组指针等于&pChar,而我们的普通数组需要的直接就是数组名，
	 *即首元素首地址，&&pChar[0],解引用可以去除掉取地址符。
	 *【2】为什么需要或者什么时间使用解引用*数组指针呢？
	 *当我们需要访问数组元素的时候，需要的是普通指针，他的加减运算类型
	 *我们想要的是加减他的类型的大小空间而不是整个数组的大小空间。
	 */
	
	printf("%s.(ni)\n",*pCHA);
	printf("%s.(hao)\n",*(pCHA+1));
	printf("%s.(bu)\n",*(pCHA+2));
	
	printf("%d.(12)\n",*(*pINT2));
	printf("%d.(13)\n",*(*(pINT2+1)));
	
	
	
	
	
	//【2】offsetof测试
	printf("\n偏移量测试.\n");
	printf("%d.(4)\n",OFFSETOF(struct Student,b));
	printf("%d.(8)\n",OFFSETOF(struct Student,c));
	printf("%d.(10)\n",OFFSETOF(struct Student,d));
	
	



	
	//【3】container_of测试
	printf("\n首地址测试.\n");
	struct Student stu;
	stu.c = 12;
	struct Student *p = CONTAINER_OF(&(stu.c),struct Student,c);
	printf("p1 = %p, p2 = %p.\n",&stu,p);
	

	
	return 0;
}