SpringBoot整合--JDBCTemplate

一. JDBCTemplate简介

1. Spring对数据库的操作在jdbc上面做了深层次的封装，使用spring的注入功能，可以把DataSource注册到JdbcTemplate之中。
2. JdbcTemplate主要提供以下五类方法：

    execute方法：可以用于执行任何SQL语句，一般用于执行DDL语句；

    update方法及batchUpdate方法：update方法用于执行新增、修改、删除等语句；
    
    batchUpdate方法用于执行批处理相关语句；

    query方法及queryForXXX方法：用于执行查询相关语句；

    call方法：用于执行存储过程、函数相关语句。

二. 数据库的建表

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tb_user`;
CREATE TABLE `tb_user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `login_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `password` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `username` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

三. 创建SpringBoot项目

1. 相关依赖的选择

2. pop.xml文件

    <!--web开发依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--数据库驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--JDBCTemplate核心配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3. 项目结构

4. application.properties配置文件

spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=1234
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboottest?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
server.port=8080

5. 编写实体类—User

一般开发中，数据库字段设计推荐使用下划线（login_name)，Java实体类属性使用驼峰命名(loginName)

package com.xizi.springbootjdbctemplate.pojo;


import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String loginName;
    private String username;
    private String password;
}

6. 编写持久层—UserRepository

package com.xizi.springbootjdbctemplate.repository;

import com.xizi.springbootjdbctemplate.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.PreparedStatementCreator;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.support.GeneratedKeyHolder;
import org.springframework.jdbc.support.KeyHolder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Repository注解：标注这是一个持久化操作对象
 */
@Repository
public class UserRepository {

    //注入JdbcTemplate模板对象
    @Resource
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    /**
     * 插入数据
     * @return 插入影响的行数
     */
    public Integer insertUser(){
        String sql = "insert into tb_user(login_name, username, password) values(?, ?, ?), (?, ?, ?)";
        Object args[] = new Object[]{"戏子", "admin", "123456", "戏子2", "123456", "123456"};
        //参数一：插入数据的SQL语句，参数二：对应SQL语句中占位符？的参数
        return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, args);
    }

    /***
     * 根据userName查询数据
     * @param username
     * @return User对象
     */
    public User selectByUsername(String username){
        //定义SQL语句
        String sql = "select * from tb_user where username = ?";
        //定义一个RowMapper
        RowMapper<User> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(User.class);
        //执行查询方法
        User user = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new Object[]{username}, rowMapper);
        return user;
    }

    /**
     * 根据id查询数据
     * @param id
     * @return User对象
     */
    public User findUserById(Integer id){
        //定义SQL语句
        String sql = "select * from tb_user where id = ?";
        RowMapper<User> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(User.class);
        //执行查询方法
        return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new Object[]{id}, rowMapper);
    }

    /**
     * 查询所有数据
     * @return 包含User对象的List集合
     */
    public List<User> findAll(){
        //定义SQL语句
        String sql = "select * from tb_user";
        //声明结果集的映射rowMapper,将结果集的数据映射成User对象数据
        RowMapper<User> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(User.class);
        return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, rowMapper);
    }

    /**
     * 根据id删除数据
     * @param id
     */
    public void delete(final Integer id){
        //定义SQL语句
        String sql = "delete from tb_user where id=?";
        //执行
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, new Object[]{id});
    }

    /**
     * 修改数据
     * @param user
     */
    public void update(final User user){
        //定义SQL语句
        String sql = "update tb_user set username=?, login_name=?, where id=?";
        //执行
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, new Object[]{user.getUsername(),user.getLoginName(), user.getId()});
    }


}

7. 编写Service层—UserService

package com.xizi.springbootjdbctemplate.service;


import com.xizi.springbootjdbctemplate.pojo.User;
import com.xizi.springbootjdbctemplate.repository.UserRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;


//@Service  服务层导入Sring容器
@Service
public class UserService {

    //注入UserRepository
    @Resource
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    public Integer insertUser(){
        return userRepository.insertUser();
    }

    public User selectByUsername(String username){
        return userRepository.selectByUsername(username);
    }

    public List<User> findAll(){
        return userRepository.findAll();
    }

    public User findUserById(Integer id){
        return userRepository.findUserById(id);
    }

    public void update(User user){
        userRepository.update(user);
    }

    public void delete(Integer id){
        userRepository.delete(id);
    }
}

8. 编写Controller层—UserController

package com.xizi.springbootjdbctemplate.controller;

import com.xizi.springbootjdbctemplate.pojo.User;
import com.xizi.springbootjdbctemplate.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserControler {

    @Resource
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/insertUser")
    public String insertUser(){
        return "一共插入数据有["+userService.insertUser()+"]条";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/selectByUsername")
    public User selectByUsername(String username){
        return userService.selectByUsername(username);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/selectById")
    public User selectById(Integer id){
        return userService.findUserById(id);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public List<User> findAll(){
        return userService.findAll();
    }

    @RequestMapping("/update")
    public void update(User user){
        userService.update(user);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/delete")
    public void delete(Integer id){
        userService.delete(id);
    }
}

四. 测试接口数据

1. 添加用户

http://localhost:8080/user/insertUser

2. 通过ID查询用户

http://localhost:8080/user/selectById?id=4

3. 查询所有的用户信息

http://localhost:8080/user/findAll

4. 通过username查询用户信息

http://localhost:8080/user/selectByUsername?username=戏子

5. 删除用户

http://localhost:8080/user/delete?id=3

6. 更新用户

http://localhost:8080/user/update?username=伟少&login_name=伟少&id=7

五. GitHub源码下载

SpringBoot整合–JDBCTemplate

https://github.com/Y960303802/SpringBoot-JDBCTemplate.git