#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
# define maxSize 10
//树结点的结构体,存储的是int整型的数据
typedef struct BTNode{
int data;
struct BTNode *lchild;
struct BTNode *rchild;
}BTNode;
/*
二叉树的层次遍历
目标遍历的二叉树:
1
/ \
2 3
/ \
4 5
待输出结果为1,2,3,4,5
1.首先得用上面定义的结构体把这颗树表示出来
2.表示出这颗树后在调用层次遍历算法
*/
void createBTree(BTNode *&p)
{
/*
生成这颗树,这里就是直接按照二叉树的样子来逐一生成
p做为根结点(root)
*/
p = (BTNode*)malloc(sizeof(BTNode));
p->data = 1;
BTNode *n2, *n3, *n4, *n5 ;//分别对应存储元素2,3,4,5的4个结点
n2 = (BTNode*)malloc(sizeof(BTNode));
n3 = (BTNode*)malloc(sizeof(BTNode));
n4 = (BTNode*)malloc(sizeof(BTNode));
n5 = (BTNode*)malloc(sizeof(BTNode));
n2->data = 2;
n3->data = 3;
n4->data = 4;
n5->data = 5;
p->lchild = n2;
p->rchild = n3;
n2->lchild = n4;
n2->rchild = n5;
n3->lchild = n3->rchild = NULL;
n4->lchild = n4->rchild = NULL;
n5->lchild = n5->rchild = NULL;
}
void level(BTNode *p){
/*
二叉树层次遍历算法
建立一个循环队列,先将二叉树头结点入队列,出队列,访问该结点;
如果他有左子树,把他的左子树的根结点入队列,
如果他有右子树,把他的右子树的根结点入队列,
然后出队列,对出队结点访问;
*/
int front,rear;
front = rear = 0;
BTNode *que[maxSize];
BTNode *q;
if(p != NULL){
rear = (rear + 1) % maxSize;
que[rear] = p; //根结点入队
while (front != rear)
{
front = (front + 1) % maxSize;
q = que[front]; //队头结点出队
cout << q->data << endl;
if (q->lchild != NULL)
{
rear = (rear + 1) % maxSize;
que[rear] = q->lchild;
}
if (q->rchild != NULL)
{
rear = (rear + 1) % maxSize;
que[rear] = q->rchild;
}
}
}
}
int main()
{
BTNode *p;
createBTree(p);
level(p);
return 0;
}
程序输出结果与预期一致!