移动开发技术——蓝牙通信

在AndroidManifest.xml中添加权限

    <!--开启蓝牙权限-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

布局

list.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="18dp"
        android:layout_margin="4dp"
        android:text="TextView" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="18dp"
        android:layout_margin="4dp"
        android:text="TextView" />
</LinearLayout>

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="15dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/link"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="开启蓝牙"
            android:textSize="24sp"></Button>

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/search"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="搜索设备"
            android:textSize="24sp"></Button>

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/linked"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="已连接"
            android:textSize="24sp"></Button>
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <ListView
            android:id="@+id/listView"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_marginTop="20dp">
        </ListView>
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="15dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/link"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="开启蓝牙"
            android:textSize="24sp"></Button>

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/search"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="搜索设备"
            android:textSize="24sp"></Button>

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/linked"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="已连接"
            android:textSize="24sp"></Button>
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <ListView
            android:id="@+id/listView"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_marginTop="20dp">
        </ListView>
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

设置蓝牙

开启蓝牙

listView = findViewById(R.id.listView);
        link= findViewById(R.id.link);
        link.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
                    Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
                    startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);
                }
            }
        });

 @Override
    public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE_BT) {
            if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "成功打开蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            } else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "打开蓝牙失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    }

搜索设备

search=findViewById(R.id.search);
        search.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                getPermission();
                if (bluetoothAdapter != null && bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
                    bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
                }
            }
        });

private void getPermission() {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            int permissionCheck = 0;
            permissionCheck = this.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
            permissionCheck += this.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);

            if (permissionCheck != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                //未获得权限
                this.requestPermissions( // 请求授权
                        new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION},
                        ACCESS_LOCATION);// 自定义常量,任意整型
            }
        }
    }

@Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        boolean flag = true;
        for (int grantResult : grantResults) {
            if (grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                flag = false;
            }
        }
        switch (requestCode) {
            case ACCESS_LOCATION:
                if (flag) {
                    Log.d("test", "onRequestPermissionsResult: 用户允许权限");
                } else {
                    Log.d("test", "onRequestPermissionsResult: 拒绝搜索设备权限");
                }
                break;
        }
    }

查询已配对的设备

linked=findViewById(R.id.linked);
        linked.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
                if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
                    for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
                        String deviceName = device.getName();
                        String deviceHardwareAddress = device.getAddress(); // MAC address
                        listItem=new HashMap<String,Object>(); //必须在循环体里新建
                        listItem.put("name", deviceName);
                        listItem.put("mac",deviceHardwareAddress);
                        listData.add(listItem);   //添加一条记录
                    }
                    listAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(view.getContext(),
                            listData,
                            R.layout.list, //自行创建的列表项布局
                            new String[]{"name","mac"},
                            new int[]{R.id.textView,R.id.textView2});
                    listView.setAdapter(listAdapter);
                }
            }
        });

实现效果

源码地址

gitee地址