【SpringMVC】搭建MVC框架

一、创建一个普通的Maven项目

1、文件-新建-项目

2、填写相关名称以及相应位置

3、设置Maven路径

二、编写程序

1、配置pom依赖

<properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- SpringMVC -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日志 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- ServletAPI -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

2、创建web.xml

在webapp-WEB-INF下创建web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <!--拦截匹配规则的url请求，进入springmvc框架处理-->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3、创建springmvc.xml

在src-main-resources下创建springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--开启controller扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wangsiqi.controller"/>
    <!--配置springmvc的视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 1、声明处理器映射器，目的：选择哪一个处理期来处理当前对象-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>

    <!--2、声明处理器适配器  目的：调用胡处理器的处理请求的方法-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
    <!--配置视图解析器，目的：处理视图信息-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 声明处理器-->
    <bean name="/helloworld" class="com.wangsiqi.controller.TestController"></bean>
    <!--
    自动注册最合适的处理器映射器，处理器适配器(调用handler方法)
-->
    <!--    <mvc:annotation-driven/>-->
    <!-- 配置spring开启注解mvc的支持 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

4、创建TestController类

在src-main-java-com.controller下创建TestController类

	@RestController
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public class TestController {
        @GetMapping("/hello")
        public String hello(){
            return "hello";
        }
    }

三、配置Tomcat

1、文件(Feild)-项目结构(Project structure)-工件(Artifacts)-Web应用程序：展开型(Web Aplication:Exploded)-基于模块(From Modules)-选择需要配置的模块名称，然后点击Facet-Web下的模块，进行路径配置

2、点击项目右上角编辑配置(Edit Configurations)-左上角±Tomcat服务器(Tomcat Server)-本地(localhost)


3、设置路径

4、设置部署(Deployment)-工件(Artifact)，需注意应用程序上下文(Application context)的路径和服务器(Server)中的URL一致

四、项目启动